Problems of waste rock formation during mining of Western Donbass coal reserves: state-of-the-art and solutions

M. Petlovanyi, K. Sai, O. Stoliarska
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Purpose. The research purpose is to analyze and generalize the problems of waste rock accumulation, as well as to determine the directions for their possible solution in order to improve the ecological-economic conditions for mining coal reserves in the Western Donbass. Methods. A comprehensive scientific-methodological approach is used, which consists in studying regional accounts on the state of the environment, data from the register of waste disposal sites in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, peculiarities of placement of dumps according to the Google Earth program and collected mine data. To study the feasibility of processing dumps, a SWOT-analysis is used, as well as the analysis of existing technologies for processing the rock mass from waste dumps, based on foreign and domestic experience. Findings. Nine rock dumps have been identified, formed as a result of the functioning of the Western Donbass coal mines, where almost 130 million tons of waste rocks have been accumulated on an area of about 190 hectares. It is noted that the reclamation of disturbed lands as the main means of rock utilization is insufficient. Based on a thorough analysis of the SWOT-analysis results, a strategic direction for processing has been determined – the use of rock mass as a raw material for construction (materials and roads) with accompanying extraction of coal, aluminum and iron. The existing technologies for the processing of waste rocks have been systematized. It has been determined that the largest scaling of waste dump processing in the Western Donbass mines can be achieved with a combination of mechanical-chemical methods, among which gravity and magnetic beneficiation methods, mechanical grinding and chemical leaching are priority. Originality. The mechanisms for handling coal waste from coal mines in the Western Donbass have been determined to solve ecological-economic problems associated with their accumulation. Practical implications. The research results reveal possible ways of solving the problems of waste rock accumulation in the Western Donbass mines, which makes ecological and economic sense.
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顿巴斯西部煤矿开采过程中的废石形成问题:现状与解决方案
目的。研究的目的是分析和总结废石堆积问题,并确定可能的解决方向,以改善顿巴斯西部煤炭储量开采的生态经济条件。方法。采用全面的科学方法,其中包括研究区域环境状况,第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州废物处理场登记册的数据,根据谷歌地球程序和收集的矿山数据放置垃圾场的特点。为了研究排土场处理的可行性,本文在借鉴国内外经验的基础上,采用swot分析法,并对现有的排土场岩体处理技术进行了分析。发现。已经确定了九个岩石堆,它们是由于西顿巴斯煤矿的运作而形成的,在那里大约190公顷的面积上积累了近1.3亿吨废石。指出以扰动地复垦作为岩石利用的主要手段是不够的。在对swot分析结果进行深入分析的基础上,确定了加工的战略方向——利用岩体作为建筑(材料和道路)的原材料,同时开采煤、铝和铁。现有的废石处理技术已被系统化。确定了采用机械-化学相结合的方法可实现顿巴斯西部矿山排土场最大规模的处理,其中重磁选选、机械磨矿和化学浸出是优先选择。创意。已经确定了处理顿巴斯西部煤矿的煤矸石的机制,以解决与它们的积累有关的生态经济问题。实际意义。研究结果揭示了解决顿巴斯西部矿山废石堆积问题的可能途径,具有生态和经济意义。
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