Purpose. To carry out a comprehensive analysis of the existing types and varieties of pearls on the world market of precious stones and to establish indicators of pearl quality assessment, which the expert service needs. The methods. The work uses general scientific and special research methods - theoretical (analysis, generalization, comparison), gemological and economic. The main part of the work is based on the analysis of literary sources, information from the Internet and practical results of previously performed research and expert evaluations. The objectivity of the methodology is ensured by a large amount of analytical work carried out on specific batches of pearls, as well as by a close natural relationship between types, species and methods of growing pearls. Findings. It is shown that pearls are precious stones of organogenic formation, which by genesis can be of natural origin, cultivated and synthetic. The credibility and reliability of the conducted research is ensured by the convergence of the results between the quality assessment criteria and the methods of growing pearls, as well as the complex of decorative properties that are established for each genetic variety. The proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls are aimed at obtaining objective results and, importantly, they ensure the invulnerability of the expert in his professional activity during the gemological examination. The originality. The main criteria for the quality of pearls have been established. Various variations of certain of its properties, characteristic of each specific genetic variety, became the basis for assessing the quality of pearls based on the natural relationship between methods of cultivation in different conditions (sea, river basins) and decorative properties. In the future, the proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls will allow to expand and improve the scientific and methodological base of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and other related organizations. Practical implementation. The use of the proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls will allow specialists to determine the variety, geography of cultivation (method and place of cultivation), quality group and cost, which is determined by procedural and legal acts in the field of forensic examination.
{"title":"Types, varieties and evaluation criteria qualities of pearls","authors":"P. Baranov, O. Slyvna, S. Shevchenko","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.087","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To carry out a comprehensive analysis of the existing types and varieties of pearls on the world market of precious stones and to establish indicators of pearl quality assessment, which the expert service needs. The methods. The work uses general scientific and special research methods - theoretical (analysis, generalization, comparison), gemological and economic. The main part of the work is based on the analysis of literary sources, information from the Internet and practical results of previously performed research and expert evaluations. The objectivity of the methodology is ensured by a large amount of analytical work carried out on specific batches of pearls, as well as by a close natural relationship between types, species and methods of growing pearls. Findings. It is shown that pearls are precious stones of organogenic formation, which by genesis can be of natural origin, cultivated and synthetic. The credibility and reliability of the conducted research is ensured by the convergence of the results between the quality assessment criteria and the methods of growing pearls, as well as the complex of decorative properties that are established for each genetic variety. The proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls are aimed at obtaining objective results and, importantly, they ensure the invulnerability of the expert in his professional activity during the gemological examination. The originality. The main criteria for the quality of pearls have been established. Various variations of certain of its properties, characteristic of each specific genetic variety, became the basis for assessing the quality of pearls based on the natural relationship between methods of cultivation in different conditions (sea, river basins) and decorative properties. In the future, the proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls will allow to expand and improve the scientific and methodological base of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and other related organizations. Practical implementation. The use of the proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls will allow specialists to determine the variety, geography of cultivation (method and place of cultivation), quality group and cost, which is determined by procedural and legal acts in the field of forensic examination.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84861290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. To conduct an analysis and determine the peculiarities of subsoil use in the conditions of the current state of the mining industry of Ukraine. Research methodology. Analytical and statistical methods were applied during the research in the modern conditions of relations between subsoil users and state institutions at the mining deposits of mineral resources. The results. The work examines the peculiarities of the modern state of subsoil use, the order, sequence and terms of issuing and obtaining permits for the development of mineral deposits. It has been established that the country still lacks a regulatory and regulated "integrity" of the procedure for the emergence of a practical possibility for a business entity to realize its right to develop a deposit. After obtaining a special permit for the use of subsoil, mining enterprises must obtain a whole series of permit documentation at least over several years. It was determined that in the process of working out the deposits, the enterprises of the mining industry of Ukraine constantly face problems related to the imperfection and frequent changes of the current legislation. Today, it is necessary to establish at the legislative level a specific list of necessary documents, an algorithm of actions and a period during which, after obtaining a special permit for the use of mineral deposit, state bodies are obliged to issue the remaining necessary permit documents, which would contribute to the solution of the above-mentioned problematic issues. It was determined that for the effective and sustainable operation of mining enterprises, it is important to settle the issues at the legislative level: - overcoming the problem of "dormant licenses"; - introduction of international stock assessment (SPE-PRMS, JORC); - abolition of the institution of mining claim territories (a mining claim does not solve any issues, it simply duplicates the functions of a special permit for the use of mineral deposits and a project of deposit mining); - to develop and adopt a new Code on the Subsoil of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. Consists in establishing the peculiarities of subsoil use in the conditions of the modern state of the mining industry of Ukraine, determining the order, sequence and term of issuing and obtaining permits for the development of mineral deposits. Practical value. The results of the research made it possible to determine the algorithm for the registration, approval and approval of permit documents for the development of mineral deposits, starting with a special permit for the use of subsoil; the procedure for obtaining a mining right-of-way certificate; registration of title documents for land plots for the mining of mineral deposits; development of the construction and operation project of the mining enterprise, its examination and approval by the relevant state institutions.
{"title":"Current conditions of subsoil use in the mining industry of Ukraine","authors":"B. Sobko, O. Lozhnikov","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.016","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To conduct an analysis and determine the peculiarities of subsoil use in the conditions of the current state of the mining industry of Ukraine. Research methodology. Analytical and statistical methods were applied during the research in the modern conditions of relations between subsoil users and state institutions at the mining deposits of mineral resources. The results. The work examines the peculiarities of the modern state of subsoil use, the order, sequence and terms of issuing and obtaining permits for the development of mineral deposits. It has been established that the country still lacks a regulatory and regulated \"integrity\" of the procedure for the emergence of a practical possibility for a business entity to realize its right to develop a deposit. After obtaining a special permit for the use of subsoil, mining enterprises must obtain a whole series of permit documentation at least over several years. It was determined that in the process of working out the deposits, the enterprises of the mining industry of Ukraine constantly face problems related to the imperfection and frequent changes of the current legislation. Today, it is necessary to establish at the legislative level a specific list of necessary documents, an algorithm of actions and a period during which, after obtaining a special permit for the use of mineral deposit, state bodies are obliged to issue the remaining necessary permit documents, which would contribute to the solution of the above-mentioned problematic issues. It was determined that for the effective and sustainable operation of mining enterprises, it is important to settle the issues at the legislative level: - overcoming the problem of \"dormant licenses\"; - introduction of international stock assessment (SPE-PRMS, JORC); - abolition of the institution of mining claim territories (a mining claim does not solve any issues, it simply duplicates the functions of a special permit for the use of mineral deposits and a project of deposit mining); - to develop and adopt a new Code on the Subsoil of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. Consists in establishing the peculiarities of subsoil use in the conditions of the modern state of the mining industry of Ukraine, determining the order, sequence and term of issuing and obtaining permits for the development of mineral deposits. Practical value. The results of the research made it possible to determine the algorithm for the registration, approval and approval of permit documents for the development of mineral deposits, starting with a special permit for the use of subsoil; the procedure for obtaining a mining right-of-way certificate; registration of title documents for land plots for the mining of mineral deposits; development of the construction and operation project of the mining enterprise, its examination and approval by the relevant state institutions.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80998703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Shyrin, A. Herasymenko, O. Koptovets, S. Felonenko
Purpose. Justification of the parameters and design of the system of combined fastening of the monorail pond of the suspended monorail roads in formation underground workings to reduce dynamic loads on the elements of the arch fastening and the mining massif during the delivery of large-tonnage loads and equipment to preparatory pits and assembly chambers. The methods. The recommended method of substantiating the technological schemes of auxiliary transport, focused on the use of multifunctional mining equipment of the new generation, adapted to the modern conditions of performing assembly and dismantling works and preparing new mining pillars for cleaning extraction, which is based on the modeling of the parameters of the interaction of the rolling stock of suspended monorail roads with arch fastening elements and side rocks during transportation of large-tonnage cargoes. Findings. According to the results of research into the operational parameters of suspended monorail roads as part of a highly adaptive transport and technological system for the delivery of large-tonnage cargo, it was established that to reduce dynamic loads on the elements of the arch fastening and the mining massif in the specific conditions of the mines of Western Donbass, the most promising option is the two-level anchor fastening of the monorail stand and preparatory product. The originality. Innovative technical solutions to increase the operational reliability of the arch attachment during the transportation of large-tonnage loads and reduce dynamic loads on the mining massif by redistributing them to adjacent links of the monorail pond and modernizing the transport and technological system are substantiated. Practical implementation. It has been proven that during the intensification of cleaning and preparatory work, reasonable technical and technological solutions meet the requirements for the timely preparation of new mining pillars and are considered as a promising direction for improving the current schemes of auxiliary transport for the mines of the region and ensuring the operational parameters of mining transport equipment of a high technical level in the specific conditions of the mines of the Western Donbass.
{"title":"Technology of combined fixing of preparatory products for efficient use of suspended monorail roads","authors":"L. Shyrin, A. Herasymenko, O. Koptovets, S. Felonenko","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.077","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Justification of the parameters and design of the system of combined fastening of the monorail pond of the suspended monorail roads in formation underground workings to reduce dynamic loads on the elements of the arch fastening and the mining massif during the delivery of large-tonnage loads and equipment to preparatory pits and assembly chambers. The methods. The recommended method of substantiating the technological schemes of auxiliary transport, focused on the use of multifunctional mining equipment of the new generation, adapted to the modern conditions of performing assembly and dismantling works and preparing new mining pillars for cleaning extraction, which is based on the modeling of the parameters of the interaction of the rolling stock of suspended monorail roads with arch fastening elements and side rocks during transportation of large-tonnage cargoes. Findings. According to the results of research into the operational parameters of suspended monorail roads as part of a highly adaptive transport and technological system for the delivery of large-tonnage cargo, it was established that to reduce dynamic loads on the elements of the arch fastening and the mining massif in the specific conditions of the mines of Western Donbass, the most promising option is the two-level anchor fastening of the monorail stand and preparatory product. The originality. Innovative technical solutions to increase the operational reliability of the arch attachment during the transportation of large-tonnage loads and reduce dynamic loads on the mining massif by redistributing them to adjacent links of the monorail pond and modernizing the transport and technological system are substantiated. Practical implementation. It has been proven that during the intensification of cleaning and preparatory work, reasonable technical and technological solutions meet the requirements for the timely preparation of new mining pillars and are considered as a promising direction for improving the current schemes of auxiliary transport for the mines of the region and ensuring the operational parameters of mining transport equipment of a high technical level in the specific conditions of the mines of the Western Donbass.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82812855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. To increase the quality of work of tensometric systems, using data obtained from the strain gauge system in the form of maps of the passage of moving objects, it is necessary to conduct research on the data of the strain gauge system and develop a set of algorithms, thanks to which it is possible to obtain the characteristics of railway cars in rolling stock and carry out identification of railway objects objects with a minimum error for further use of the obtained results in the construction of a system of identification and weighing of moving objects through tensometric systems. Research methods. To build a system for identifying different types of moving objects through single-platform railway scales in motion, it is proposed to use machine learning methods, namely neural networks and clustering algorithms. The software implemented as part of scientific research is written in the Python programming language using numPy, sklearn, statistics, and other libraries. Findings. Using such methods of machine learning as convolutional neural networks, clustering, perceptron and relying on the reference data of railway objects that can be used on the territory of Ukraine, a number of algorithmic solutions were obtained and implemented in the form of software, which identify the type of car by such characteristics such as the axle of the cart, the axle of the wagon, the ratio of the base of the wagon to the length of the wagon between the couplings, the weight of the axles. Using the weight coefitient for a specific tensometric system, during the calibration of the scales, the dependence of the weight of the car on its type and the mass of each of the axles was obtained. The originality. After conducting a study of the data on the passage of railway carriages and auto couplings through single-platform scales, it was established that the types of wagons can be categorized by such characteristics as the ratio of the base of the wagon to the length of the wagon between the auto couplings, the axle, weight. To obtain the ratio of the wagon base to the length of the wagon between autocouplings, it is necessary to perform data segmentation and clustering as follows - the wagon base is found as the distance between the middle of two bogies, and the length of the wagon between autocouplings as the middle of the distance between the bogies to the middle of the autocoupling. Practical implications. Using such methods of machine learning as convolutional neural networks, clustering, perceptron and others, an algorithmic solution for data processing of strain gauge systems was obtained, which allows to increase the accuracy of the identification of wagons, while reducing the dependence of the results on the speed of the wagons, which allows to increase the capacity of weighing systems of enterprises
{"title":"Identification of objects based on the data of tenzometrical systems with using methods of machine learning","authors":"I. Kolysnychenko, V. Tkachov","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.161","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To increase the quality of work of tensometric systems, using data obtained from the strain gauge system in the form of maps of the passage of moving objects, it is necessary to conduct research on the data of the strain gauge system and develop a set of algorithms, thanks to which it is possible to obtain the characteristics of railway cars in rolling stock and carry out identification of railway objects objects with a minimum error for further use of the obtained results in the construction of a system of identification and weighing of moving objects through tensometric systems. Research methods. To build a system for identifying different types of moving objects through single-platform railway scales in motion, it is proposed to use machine learning methods, namely neural networks and clustering algorithms. The software implemented as part of scientific research is written in the Python programming language using numPy, sklearn, statistics, and other libraries. Findings. Using such methods of machine learning as convolutional neural networks, clustering, perceptron and relying on the reference data of railway objects that can be used on the territory of Ukraine, a number of algorithmic solutions were obtained and implemented in the form of software, which identify the type of car by such characteristics such as the axle of the cart, the axle of the wagon, the ratio of the base of the wagon to the length of the wagon between the couplings, the weight of the axles. Using the weight coefitient for a specific tensometric system, during the calibration of the scales, the dependence of the weight of the car on its type and the mass of each of the axles was obtained. The originality. After conducting a study of the data on the passage of railway carriages and auto couplings through single-platform scales, it was established that the types of wagons can be categorized by such characteristics as the ratio of the base of the wagon to the length of the wagon between the auto couplings, the axle, weight. To obtain the ratio of the wagon base to the length of the wagon between autocouplings, it is necessary to perform data segmentation and clustering as follows - the wagon base is found as the distance between the middle of two bogies, and the length of the wagon between autocouplings as the middle of the distance between the bogies to the middle of the autocoupling. Practical implications. Using such methods of machine learning as convolutional neural networks, clustering, perceptron and others, an algorithmic solution for data processing of strain gauge systems was obtained, which allows to increase the accuracy of the identification of wagons, while reducing the dependence of the results on the speed of the wagons, which allows to increase the capacity of weighing systems of enterprises","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83784240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. Comparison of the functionality of application program packages when determining optimal cutting modes during mechanical processing. Creation of a mathematical model with technological limitations when boring a shaft in one pass and carrying out calculations. The methods. Research methods were based on the principles of optimization of cutting processes, the theory of cutting and cutting tools, standard methods of determining correction factors were used when creating technological limitations. The smallest machine processing time is chosen as the objective function. Using the functionality of the mathematical package Mathcad and the "Turning optimization" program. Findings. The created mathematical model of turning optimization sufficiently fully describes the machining process. The difference between calculations by two methods is no more than 10%. The functionality of the application programs is enough to determine the optimal parameters of the cutting modes - the number of revolutions of the machine spindle and feed. In addition, when using the Mathcad package, it is possible to add or remove technological constraints. Without a suitable database of correction factors, the search and calculation process is complicated. On the other hand, the "Turning optimization" program works in automatic mode, you only need to enter the initial data. But it is impossible to change the technological limitations, the insufficient number of standard materials of cutting tools and parts. The originality. A mathematical model of optimization of cutting modes when boring a shaft to a pass with corresponding technological limitations was created and investigated. A comparison of application program packages was carried out when determining the optimal cutting modes. Advantages and disadvantages of application programs are defined. Practical implementation. The proposed mathematical model of optimization of cutting modes during turning allows to determine the optimal parameters of the number of revolutions and feed of the machine. Its use will greatly facilitate calculations carried out by designer-technologists when designing technological routes for processing parts and calculating cutting modes. This will significantly reduce production preparation time, especially when using CNC machines.
{"title":"Using applied program packages in determining optimum cutting modes","authors":"O. Bohdanov, V. Grigorenko","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.194","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Comparison of the functionality of application program packages when determining optimal cutting modes during mechanical processing. Creation of a mathematical model with technological limitations when boring a shaft in one pass and carrying out calculations. The methods. Research methods were based on the principles of optimization of cutting processes, the theory of cutting and cutting tools, standard methods of determining correction factors were used when creating technological limitations. The smallest machine processing time is chosen as the objective function. Using the functionality of the mathematical package Mathcad and the \"Turning optimization\" program. Findings. The created mathematical model of turning optimization sufficiently fully describes the machining process. The difference between calculations by two methods is no more than 10%. The functionality of the application programs is enough to determine the optimal parameters of the cutting modes - the number of revolutions of the machine spindle and feed. In addition, when using the Mathcad package, it is possible to add or remove technological constraints. Without a suitable database of correction factors, the search and calculation process is complicated. On the other hand, the \"Turning optimization\" program works in automatic mode, you only need to enter the initial data. But it is impossible to change the technological limitations, the insufficient number of standard materials of cutting tools and parts. The originality. A mathematical model of optimization of cutting modes when boring a shaft to a pass with corresponding technological limitations was created and investigated. A comparison of application program packages was carried out when determining the optimal cutting modes. Advantages and disadvantages of application programs are defined. Practical implementation. The proposed mathematical model of optimization of cutting modes during turning allows to determine the optimal parameters of the number of revolutions and feed of the machine. Its use will greatly facilitate calculations carried out by designer-technologists when designing technological routes for processing parts and calculating cutting modes. This will significantly reduce production preparation time, especially when using CNC machines.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75424689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ishkov, Ye.S. Kozii, M. Kozar, A. Yerofieiev, S. Bartashevskiy, O. Dreshpak
Purpose. To establish the peculiarities of the total content of metals in oil deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression and to develop a classification of deposits by this indicator. Methodology. The factual basis of the research was the results of analyzes of metals in oil from 36 deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression. With the help of X-ray fluorescent analysis, at least 30 oil samples from each deposit for metals content were investigated. The deposits are selected according to the principles of maximum completeness of geochemical information, their finding in different oil and gas areas of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression, different composition of the oil system, different geological types of traps, different structure of deposits and different ages of oil collectors. X-ray fluorescent analysis was performed on the energy-dispersive spectrometer "SPRUT" SEF 01. The time of accumulation of the spectrum 600 sec. Preparation and analysis were carried out according to the standard of ASTM D 4927 - "Determination of the elemental composition of components of lubricants by X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy with dispersion by wavelength". Correlation and regression analysis was carried out by methods that were implemented in the most popular professional statistical software platforms "Statistica" and "SPSS" and their analysis in geological concepts. Findigs. To evaluate the central characteristics of the total content of metals in oil, the deposits considered more correctly use not the arithmetic mean, but the median. It is proved that the total content of metals in oil considered is associated with a reverse correlation connection with resin content, the values of the modern temperature of the productive horizon, the modern depth of productive horizon, the mineralization productive horizons; and direct correlation with the concentrations of nickel, manganese, mercury, chromium, vanadium, aluminum, cobalt, zinc, iron, paraffin, asphalt, sulfur and oil viscos boiling and oil density. Scientific novelty. It consists in the development of the natural classification of oil deposits by the overall content of metals, and to establish a connection of this indicator with the concentration of individual elements of impurities, the main components of oil and the main geological and technological indicators of deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression. Practical significance. Is to establish the concentrations and the possibility of forecasting the total content of metals in the Dnipro-Donetsk depression, which in turn provides the opportunity to solve the topical problems of practical direction. The solution of a number of industrial-raw materials based on the assessment of oil as an ore raw material, since the content of some elements in them sometimes exceeds ore concentrations, so there is a possibility of their concomitant industrial removal from by-products during processing processes. The solution of technological issues, which are caused by the negative
目的。建立第聂伯-顿涅茨克凹陷石油矿床中金属总含量的特点，并根据这一指标对矿床进行分类。方法。这项研究的事实基础是对第聂伯-顿涅茨克洼地36个矿床的石油中金属的分析结果。在x射线荧光分析的帮助下，对每个矿床至少30个油样的金属含量进行了调查。根据地球化学信息的最大完备性、在第聂伯-顿涅茨克凹陷不同油气区发现的矿床、不同的油系组成、不同的圈闭地质类型、不同的矿床构造和不同的采油年龄来选择矿床。在“SPRUT”SEF 01能量色散光谱仪上进行x射线荧光分析。根据ASTM D 4927 -“用波长色散的x射线荧光光谱法测定润滑油组分元素组成”的标准进行制备和分析。运用目前最流行的专业统计软件平台“Statistica”和“SPSS”对地质概念进行相关和回归分析。Findigs。为了评价石油中金属总含量的中心特征，被认为更正确的矿床不是使用算术平均值，而是使用中位数。结果表明:考虑油中金属总含量与树脂含量、产层现代温度值、产层现代深度值、矿化产层成反比关系;并与镍、锰、汞、铬、钒、铝、钴、锌、铁、石蜡、沥青、硫和油的粘度、沸点和油的密度直接相关。科学的新奇。它包括根据金属的总体含量对石油矿床进行自然分类，并将这一指标与杂质的单个元素、石油的主要成分以及第聂伯-顿涅茨克凹陷沉积物的主要地质和技术指标的浓度联系起来。现实意义。是建立第聂伯-顿涅茨克洼地金属的浓度和预测总含量的可能性，这反过来又为解决实际方向的专题问题提供了机会。一些工业原料的解决方案基于对石油作为矿石原料的评估，由于其中某些元素的含量有时超过矿石浓度，因此在加工过程中有可能从副产品中伴随工业去除它们。解决石油中含有的某些元素对地质环境、生产技术和开采加工过程中使用的设备所产生的负面影响所引起的技术问题。
{"title":"Peculiarities of the total content of metals in oil deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression","authors":"V. Ishkov, Ye.S. Kozii, M. Kozar, A. Yerofieiev, S. Bartashevskiy, O. Dreshpak","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.098","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To establish the peculiarities of the total content of metals in oil deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression and to develop a classification of deposits by this indicator. Methodology. The factual basis of the research was the results of analyzes of metals in oil from 36 deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression. With the help of X-ray fluorescent analysis, at least 30 oil samples from each deposit for metals content were investigated. The deposits are selected according to the principles of maximum completeness of geochemical information, their finding in different oil and gas areas of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression, different composition of the oil system, different geological types of traps, different structure of deposits and different ages of oil collectors. X-ray fluorescent analysis was performed on the energy-dispersive spectrometer \"SPRUT\" SEF 01. The time of accumulation of the spectrum 600 sec. Preparation and analysis were carried out according to the standard of ASTM D 4927 - \"Determination of the elemental composition of components of lubricants by X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy with dispersion by wavelength\". Correlation and regression analysis was carried out by methods that were implemented in the most popular professional statistical software platforms \"Statistica\" and \"SPSS\" and their analysis in geological concepts. Findigs. To evaluate the central characteristics of the total content of metals in oil, the deposits considered more correctly use not the arithmetic mean, but the median. It is proved that the total content of metals in oil considered is associated with a reverse correlation connection with resin content, the values of the modern temperature of the productive horizon, the modern depth of productive horizon, the mineralization productive horizons; and direct correlation with the concentrations of nickel, manganese, mercury, chromium, vanadium, aluminum, cobalt, zinc, iron, paraffin, asphalt, sulfur and oil viscos boiling and oil density. Scientific novelty. It consists in the development of the natural classification of oil deposits by the overall content of metals, and to establish a connection of this indicator with the concentration of individual elements of impurities, the main components of oil and the main geological and technological indicators of deposits of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression. Practical significance. Is to establish the concentrations and the possibility of forecasting the total content of metals in the Dnipro-Donetsk depression, which in turn provides the opportunity to solve the topical problems of practical direction. The solution of a number of industrial-raw materials based on the assessment of oil as an ore raw material, since the content of some elements in them sometimes exceeds ore concentrations, so there is a possibility of their concomitant industrial removal from by-products during processing processes. The solution of technological issues, which are caused by the negative","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74477125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. Justification of technical decisions when creating an experimental equipment of a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR), development of a research system, planning and conducting an experiment, determining the structure of the object and its parameters, confirming the adequacy of the obtained simulation model of the PAPR to the control object in accordance with the conditions of the technological process. Methodology. The research was carried out on experimental equipment by means of an active experiment. It is proposed to use a sensor with an analog output and a controller for data registration to control the pressure. By varying the rotation speed of the fan, the value of the pressure in the respirator mask was determined. Structural and parametric identification and verification of the obtained model for adequacy to the control object according to the Fisher criterion were carried out on the basis of the obtained data. Findings. Based on the results of the study, it was established that the PAPR is an asymmetric object according to the "fan rotation speed - pressure in the mask" channel. The processes of pressure increase and decrease correspond in form to exponential functions and can be described by aperiodic links of the first order with different time constants. Based on the analysis of the structure of the control object, a corresponding asymmetric model was created in which aperiodic links are represented in the state space. Theprocess time constants and amplification factor of the model were determined by parameter estimation. The adequacy of the obtained simulation model to the control object was confirmed by Fisher's criterion. Originality. For the first time, a continuous transfer function of a PAPR was obtained in the form of a complex of two firstorder aperiodic links with different time constants. Practical value. A universal method of obtaining simulated models of PAPRs by using the developed experimental equipment and simulation environment of the MATLAB. The obtained simulation model of the PAPR allows to research its operating modes in order to determine the requirements for the control system and its further synthesis using various regulators.
{"title":"Determination of the model of a powered air-purifying respirator for researching its operational modes","authors":"D. Slavynskyi","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.172","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Justification of technical decisions when creating an experimental equipment of a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR), development of a research system, planning and conducting an experiment, determining the structure of the object and its parameters, confirming the adequacy of the obtained simulation model of the PAPR to the control object in accordance with the conditions of the technological process. Methodology. The research was carried out on experimental equipment by means of an active experiment. It is proposed to use a sensor with an analog output and a controller for data registration to control the pressure. By varying the rotation speed of the fan, the value of the pressure in the respirator mask was determined. Structural and parametric identification and verification of the obtained model for adequacy to the control object according to the Fisher criterion were carried out on the basis of the obtained data. Findings. Based on the results of the study, it was established that the PAPR is an asymmetric object according to the \"fan rotation speed - pressure in the mask\" channel. The processes of pressure increase and decrease correspond in form to exponential functions and can be described by aperiodic links of the first order with different time constants. Based on the analysis of the structure of the control object, a corresponding asymmetric model was created in which aperiodic links are represented in the state space. Theprocess time constants and amplification factor of the model were determined by parameter estimation. The adequacy of the obtained simulation model to the control object was confirmed by Fisher's criterion. Originality. For the first time, a continuous transfer function of a PAPR was obtained in the form of a complex of two firstorder aperiodic links with different time constants. Practical value. A universal method of obtaining simulated models of PAPRs by using the developed experimental equipment and simulation environment of the MATLAB. The obtained simulation model of the PAPR allows to research its operating modes in order to determine the requirements for the control system and its further synthesis using various regulators.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80748256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Yehorchenko, O. Koptovets, E. Fedorenko, S. Felonenko
Purpose. The formation of a methodological approach to the evaluation of the effectiveness of gas release management methods in the development of methane coal seams and the design of mine degassing systems. Research methodology. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of the influence of the mine environment on the economic parameters of the methods of degassing of methane coal seams and the establishment of the efficiency of the existing degassing systems were considered.Analysis and synthesis of operational indicators of extracting, removal and utilization of mine methane used in the coal industry and the results of studies of the effectiveness of mine degassing systems, allowing to highlight the main economic effects characterizing the degassing of coal mines. Findings. According to the results of the assessment of modern trends in determining the economic efficiency of degassing of highly loaded beds, it was established that fundamentally new approaches are being implemented in foreign practice for the selection of innovative means of degassing of coal mines due to which it is possible to achieve an economic effect and reduce the costs of degassing. It was also established that electricity savings during the operation of degassing plants can be obtained by increasing the tightness of the vacuum gas pipelines of the degassing network. Originality .A theoretically grounded methodology for determining the technical and economic indicators of degassing of methane coal seams due to the modernization of existing mine degassing systems.The methodology for calculating the economic efficiency of degassing systems has been developed, taking into account the side effect of increasing the tightness of the vacuum gas pipelines of the degassing network. Practical meaning. The methodology for evaluating the technical and economic indicators of the existing degassing systems has been developed. The practical application of the results of the study is to improve the methodology for determining the economic effect of degassing of methane coal mines of Ukraine.
{"title":"Assessment of the efficiency methods and means of mine degasation projects of methane coal deposits","authors":"R. Yehorchenko, O. Koptovets, E. Fedorenko, S. Felonenko","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.259","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The formation of a methodological approach to the evaluation of the effectiveness of gas release management methods in the development of methane coal seams and the design of mine degassing systems. Research methodology. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of the influence of the mine environment on the economic parameters of the methods of degassing of methane coal seams and the establishment of the efficiency of the existing degassing systems were considered.Analysis and synthesis of operational indicators of extracting, removal and utilization of mine methane used in the coal industry and the results of studies of the effectiveness of mine degassing systems, allowing to highlight the main economic effects characterizing the degassing of coal mines. Findings. According to the results of the assessment of modern trends in determining the economic efficiency of degassing of highly loaded beds, it was established that fundamentally new approaches are being implemented in foreign practice for the selection of innovative means of degassing of coal mines due to which it is possible to achieve an economic effect and reduce the costs of degassing. It was also established that electricity savings during the operation of degassing plants can be obtained by increasing the tightness of the vacuum gas pipelines of the degassing network. Originality .A theoretically grounded methodology for determining the technical and economic indicators of degassing of methane coal seams due to the modernization of existing mine degassing systems.The methodology for calculating the economic efficiency of degassing systems has been developed, taking into account the side effect of increasing the tightness of the vacuum gas pipelines of the degassing network. Practical meaning. The methodology for evaluating the technical and economic indicators of the existing degassing systems has been developed. The practical application of the results of the study is to improve the methodology for determining the economic effect of degassing of methane coal mines of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81522308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. Regular inspection of cables on cable-stayed bridges is key to ensuring the safety of people's lives. However, the detection signals are usually complicated by the interwoven structures of the ropes, which cause the rope defect signal and the strand signal to be mixed. To ensure the working capacity of the wire rope, it is necessary to regularly check the integrity of the cables. Research methodology. Analytical methods of observations and mathematical and statistical data processing are used in the work; system analysis when developing criteria for assessing the actual technical condition of wire ropes; the method of mathematical modeling in the development of prognostic models of cable breaks. Research results. The paper analyzes the cable rope control system when changing the parameters of the lengths of the electric current applied to two cables, and shows the nature of the distribution when the number of the damaged cable is changed to another. The obtained results demonstrate the necessity of using this method of input, because the system clearly works in different cases. Scientific novelty. The automatic cable break detection system with the function of determining the place of damage allows in automatic mode during the operation of a lifting machine equipped with a flat rubber rope to monitor the technical condition of the cables vulcanized in a rubber shell and to stop the machine in the event of a break of any cable. The change in the electric voltage between the ends of the twisted cable depends on the length of the rope as follows: with a rope length of 10 m - the potential difference does not exceed 7V, and at 100 m - 106, at 300 m - 1015 proportionally depends on the square root and the product of the electrical resistance of the cable and the specific conductivity of rubber layers of rope. Practical value. The introduction of an automatic control system will make it possible to quickly make decisions aimed at eliminating damage to flat single-layer and cable-stayed multi-layer ropes, stop the "development" of damage, reduce time spent on restoring the working condition of the lifting machine, and most importantly - increase its reliability and safety of operation.
{"title":"Analysis of the operation of the electrical current supply scheme to two cables of a multilayer wire rope","authors":"I. Belmas, O. Bilous, G. Tancura, A. Shvachka","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.133","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Regular inspection of cables on cable-stayed bridges is key to ensuring the safety of people's lives. However, the detection signals are usually complicated by the interwoven structures of the ropes, which cause the rope defect signal and the strand signal to be mixed. To ensure the working capacity of the wire rope, it is necessary to regularly check the integrity of the cables. Research methodology. Analytical methods of observations and mathematical and statistical data processing are used in the work; system analysis when developing criteria for assessing the actual technical condition of wire ropes; the method of mathematical modeling in the development of prognostic models of cable breaks. Research results. The paper analyzes the cable rope control system when changing the parameters of the lengths of the electric current applied to two cables, and shows the nature of the distribution when the number of the damaged cable is changed to another. The obtained results demonstrate the necessity of using this method of input, because the system clearly works in different cases. Scientific novelty. The automatic cable break detection system with the function of determining the place of damage allows in automatic mode during the operation of a lifting machine equipped with a flat rubber rope to monitor the technical condition of the cables vulcanized in a rubber shell and to stop the machine in the event of a break of any cable. The change in the electric voltage between the ends of the twisted cable depends on the length of the rope as follows: with a rope length of 10 m - the potential difference does not exceed 7V, and at 100 m - 106, at 300 m - 1015 proportionally depends on the square root and the product of the electrical resistance of the cable and the specific conductivity of rubber layers of rope. Practical value. The introduction of an automatic control system will make it possible to quickly make decisions aimed at eliminating damage to flat single-layer and cable-stayed multi-layer ropes, stop the \"development\" of damage, reduce time spent on restoring the working condition of the lifting machine, and most importantly - increase its reliability and safety of operation.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73010844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Aziukovskyi, D. Harkavenko, V. Gristchak, K. Ziborov, S. Fedoriachenko, M. Odnoral
Purpose. The development and application of analytical (including approximate) methods of analyzing nonlinear mathematical models of system dynamics, which have complex behavior due to the presence of time-dependent characteristics, is relevant for solving various classes of engineering problems. Therefore, the purpose of this work is mathematical modeling of problems of nonlinear dynamics of such systems, which allows determining the trajectory of the system's movement over time and other dynamic characteristics in accordance with their setting. Method. Based on the modern achievements of analytical, in particular asymptotic and numerical research methods based on existing software complexes, the possibility of non-local research and the formation of a sufficiently complete representation of the peculiarities of the behavior of nonlinear systems is considered. To achieve the goal, a mathematical model of the nonlinear dynamics of a system with time-varying properties is considered, provided that the reaction of the environment depends on the function of the speed of movement of the system to the n degree. The results. The solution of some engineering problems of the nonlinear dynamics of systems with time-varying characteristics of dependence for n=2 and systems whose response to the external environment can be a function of both whole and fractional degrees allow to determine the trajectory of the system's movement over time and other dynamic characteristics in accordance with before their production. Scientific novelty. The analytical dependence of the speed function of the dynamic process of the system with time-varying parameters was obtained for the nonlinearity parameter of the studied system most used in practice, n=2, for the reaction function of the external environment. Practical significance. The obtained analytical dependencies can be applied in a sufficiently wide range of research. Approximate analytical methods based on asymptotic approaches based on hybrid methods (perturbation, phase integrals in combination with Galerkin's principle) are applied. The use of asymptotic and numerical methods of research based on existing software complexes opens up the possibility of non-local research and the formation of a sufficiently complete representation of the peculiarities of the behavior of nonlinear systems with variable characteristics of materials, in particular, composite and functionally gradient ones.
{"title":"Analytical approach to solving the problems of nonlinear dynamics of systems with time-varying parameters under the conditions of the external environment reaction","authors":"O. Aziukovskyi, D. Harkavenko, V. Gristchak, K. Ziborov, S. Fedoriachenko, M. Odnoral","doi":"10.33271/crpnmu/72.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.186","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The development and application of analytical (including approximate) methods of analyzing nonlinear mathematical models of system dynamics, which have complex behavior due to the presence of time-dependent characteristics, is relevant for solving various classes of engineering problems. Therefore, the purpose of this work is mathematical modeling of problems of nonlinear dynamics of such systems, which allows determining the trajectory of the system's movement over time and other dynamic characteristics in accordance with their setting. Method. Based on the modern achievements of analytical, in particular asymptotic and numerical research methods based on existing software complexes, the possibility of non-local research and the formation of a sufficiently complete representation of the peculiarities of the behavior of nonlinear systems is considered. To achieve the goal, a mathematical model of the nonlinear dynamics of a system with time-varying properties is considered, provided that the reaction of the environment depends on the function of the speed of movement of the system to the n degree. The results. The solution of some engineering problems of the nonlinear dynamics of systems with time-varying characteristics of dependence for n=2 and systems whose response to the external environment can be a function of both whole and fractional degrees allow to determine the trajectory of the system's movement over time and other dynamic characteristics in accordance with before their production. Scientific novelty. The analytical dependence of the speed function of the dynamic process of the system with time-varying parameters was obtained for the nonlinearity parameter of the studied system most used in practice, n=2, for the reaction function of the external environment. Practical significance. The obtained analytical dependencies can be applied in a sufficiently wide range of research. Approximate analytical methods based on asymptotic approaches based on hybrid methods (perturbation, phase integrals in combination with Galerkin's principle) are applied. The use of asymptotic and numerical methods of research based on existing software complexes opens up the possibility of non-local research and the formation of a sufficiently complete representation of the peculiarities of the behavior of nonlinear systems with variable characteristics of materials, in particular, composite and functionally gradient ones.","PeriodicalId":10466,"journal":{"name":"Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79213741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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