Transcriptomic and behavioral studies reveal that glutamate receptors are involved in depressive-like behavior in adult olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Aquaculture and Fisheries Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.aaf.2023.08.002

Liangfang Liu , Tangsong Feng , Mengmeng Shi , Huafeng Zou , Weiqun Lu

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Abstract

Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), a marine demersal flatfish species, exhibits obvious timid and depressive-like characteristics. Adult olive flounder bury themselves in the sand and present motionless behavior. However, the detail mechanism of regulating the motionless behavior is not fully understood. In this study, using adult group (AG) and juvenile group (JG) flounder as a model, we compared the locomotor activity of AG and JG flounder, and analyzed the transcriptomic expression profiles in the spinal cord by RNA-seq methods. The behavioral experiment showed that AG flounder displayed lower locomotor activity. Transcriptome analysis found a total of 1711 significantly differential expressed genes (DEGs), among which 818 genes were up-regulated and 893 genes were down-regulated in AG flounder compared with JG flounder. Specifically, locomotor behavior related genes (parvalbumin, urotensin II and creatine kinase) were down-regulated. Meanwhile glial fibrillary acidic protein, the biomarkers of astroglial pathology, and glutamatergic synaptic genes were significantly up-regulated in AG flounder. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs enriched in peptide biosynthetic process, translation procession were down-regulated in the AG flounder. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation and glutamatergic synapse pathway were over-represented. After treatment with antagonist of glutamate receptor LY341495, flounder more often swam out of the sand and displayed significantly more off-bottom swimming behavior, suggesting the anti-depressive effect of LY341495. Taken together, in combination with behavioral tests and transcriptomic analyses, we conclude that the glutamate receptor in spinal cord plays an important role in timid and depressive-like behavior in flounder.

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转录组学和行为学研究表明，谷氨酸受体参与了成年橄榄比目鱼的抑郁样行为

橄榄比目鱼（学名：橄榄比目鱼）是一种海洋底栖比目鱼，具有明显的胆小和抑郁特征。成年橄榄比目鱼把自己埋在沙子里，一动不动。然而，调控静止行为的具体机制尚不完全清楚。本研究以成年比目鱼组（AG）和幼年比目鱼组（JG）为模型，比较了AG和JG比目鱼的运动活动，并采用RNA-seq方法分析了其在脊髓中的转录组表达谱。行为学实验表明，AG比目鱼具有较低的运动活性。转录组分析发现，与JG比目鱼相比，AG比目鱼共有1711个显著差异表达基因（deg），其中818个基因上调，893个基因下调。具体来说，运动行为相关基因（小白蛋白、尿紧张素II和肌酸激酶）下调。胶质原纤维酸性蛋白、星形胶质病理标志物和谷氨酸能突触基因在银牙鲆中显著上调。此外，基因本体（Gene Ontology， GO）富集分析显示，AG比目鱼在多肽生物合成过程和翻译过程中富集的DEGs下调。京都基因与基因组百科（KEGG）通路分析显示，核糖体、氧化磷酸化和谷氨酸突触通路被过度代表。谷氨酸受体拮抗剂LY341495处理后，比目鱼游出沙的次数增加，离底游动行为明显增加，提示LY341495具有抗抑郁作用。综上所述，结合行为测试和转录组学分析，我们认为脊髓谷氨酸受体在比目鱼胆小和抑郁样行为中起重要作用。

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