Caracterización de tamaños de partículas suspendidas en un área conurbada de la ciudad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México

Abstract

Air pollution is a problem that large cities face inefficiently and its health impacts are evident and poorly evaluated in Mexico, its origin is emission of vehicles, industry and various combustion processes. In the metropolitan area of Guadalajara called El Salto, there are problems with suspended particles, and the objective of this study was to evaluate the number and size of said location by means of a videocontroller of particles at that location, in 25 sampling points at a measurement interval which was 0.3 µm to 10.0 µm in six sizes (0.3µm - 0.5µm - 1µm - 2.5µm - 5.0µm - 10.0µm), this being the first methodological approach in the area. The results show a very homogeneous distribution for each of the 6 measured particle sizes, the largest number corresponds in 90% to the particles of respirable fraction, of aerodynamic diameter 0.3μm and 0.5μm called ultra fine, which pass into the bloodstream, responding to the same distribution pattern at all sampling points. The particles of 0.3µm and 0.5µm have reference values in the precautionary range in 28%, the particles 2.5, 5.0 and 10, have reference values in the precautionary range in 44%, the elaborated maps show the distribution of the particles in the study area.