Chemical Synthesis of Vanadium Oxide (V2O5) Nanoparticles Prepared by Sodium Metavanadate

Abstract

Nano-materials have unique physical properties that have attracted more and more attention as a cathode in rechargeable ion batteries and selective gas sensors such as ammonia because of their high surface area and redox activity [1-3]. Biological activity of vanadium pentoxide nanomaterial depends on factors such as the type of the derivative, manner of its administration, dose, length of treatment, and also individualand species-specific sensitivity to the administered compound [4]. V2O5 nanomaterial is amphoteric in nature. Vanadium is correlated to its degree of oxidation (vanadyl\vanadate ion) and chemical form (organic\ inorganic ligand) [5-7]. The existence of the various vanadate species depends on the pH and on the total concentration of vanadium. Their occurrence can be accounted for condensation equilibrium; it is evident that only in very dilute solutions are monomeric vanadium ions found, and increases in concentration, particularly if the solution is acidic, lead to polymerization [8-10]. Vanadium oxygen systems (V2O5, VO2) are prototype stronglycorrelated materials that have been widely-studied by theoretical and experimental condensed-matter and materials community for more than half a century [11]. Vanadium oxide is a well-known catalyst among various metal oxides, and so many fundamental studies have been developed wide-spreadingly centering on catalytic oxidation [12]. They show metal-semiconductor transition, which implies an abrupt change in optical and electrical properties [13]. That is why this oxide is used in thermal sensing and switching. Vanadium pentoxide based materials are known to display several types of chromogenic effects, as a window for solar cells and for transmittance modulation in smart windows with potential applications in architecture, automotives and nanomedicine [14]. It shows an atypical behaviour because it cannot be defined exactly either as a cathodically or as anodically colouring material. V2O5 exhibit multi-colored electrochromism allowing the use in electrochromic (EC) displays color filters and other optical devices [15].