Chandler and Business History in Japan

M. Anchordoguy
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The work and ideas of Alfred D. Chandler Jr. have enriched the field of Japanese business history and our understanding of that nation's industrial development. Chandler's studies about the rise of the large, professionally managed, multidivisional firm in the United States highlight factors critical not only to the United States' capitalist system but also to Japan's. Indeed, large firms played a dominant role in Japan's economic takeoff in the late 1800s. As these companies grew, they were transformed into professionally managed corporations. Managers, operating in a clear hierarchical chain of command, built up huge companies, such as Nihon Denki (NEC), Toshiba, Mitsubishi Electric, Hitachi, Nippon Steel, Matsushita, and Toyota. In Japanese as in U.S. firms, the invisible hand of management was critical to controlling the flow of work, from the input of raw materials to the production of finished goods.
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钱德勒和日本的商业史
Alfred D. Chandler Jr.的工作和思想丰富了日本商业史领域和我们对该国工业发展的理解。钱德勒对美国大型、专业管理、多部门公司兴起的研究,突出了不仅对美国资本主义制度至关重要,而且对日本资本主义制度也至关重要的因素。事实上,大公司在19世纪后期的日本经济腾飞中发挥了主导作用。随着这些公司的成长,它们转变为专业管理的公司。管理者们在清晰的等级命令链中运作,建立了大型公司,如日本电气(NEC)、东芝、三菱电机、日立、新日铁、松下和丰田。在日本和美国的公司中,管理的无形之手对于控制从原材料投入到成品生产的工作流程至关重要。
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