Study of antitubercular drugs on liver function tests in newly diagnosed tuberculosis

Abstract

Background: Particularly in areas where both tuberculosis and liver illness are prominent, it is necessary to determine the factors that put patients at risk for developing anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (anti-TB-DIH). In this study, both the prevalence of anti-TB-DIH and the factors that contribute to its development were studied. As a consequence of this, the purpose of the present study was to explore the abnormal liver function test in patients who were being treated for tuberculosis. Aims and Objectives: (i) To investigate hepatotoxicity in antitubercular patients. (ii) To protect the liver from chemotherapy drug side effects through early detection. (iii) To understand drug-induced hepatotoxicity risk factors. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of one hundred patients who were treated at the Department of Pulmonary Medicine and the Department of Pharmacology at the Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences in Kadapa between January 2022 and January 2023. Results: Patients varying in age from 15 to 30 years comprised 21 (21%) of the study, 31–50 years comprised 31% of the study, 51–70 years comprised 38% of the study, and 71–80 years comprised 10% of the study, with 68 (68%) males and 32 (32%) females. When compared to the levels that were present before therapy, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) exhibited a substantial increase after 2 months of treatment. A comparison of the patient’s levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) before treatment and after treatment for 6 months demonstrated a considerable rise in all of these enzymes’ activities. Conclusion: Because it was established that the majority of patients suffer hepatotoxicity within the first 14 days of beginning antituberculosis therapy (ATT) medication, it is imperative that the liver function of patients be monitored in the initial days in which treatment with ATT is being initiated.