留守经历对大学生社交焦虑的影响 ——以一例大学生社交焦虑症个案为例

Abstract

本研究以一例大学生社交焦虑症来访者为例，通过严格的个案概念化形成对其认知信息加工模式的评估和理解 , 选用认知行为疗法进行咨询 , 并采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对求助者进行咨询前后测评，评估症状改善情况。结果：有留守经历大学生在人际互动中特有的认知信息加工模式可能为：他人和世界是冷漠的，不可能获得爱和理解。咨询后求助者躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分均低于前测，主观困扰减少。结论：（1）认知行为疗法可以对个体的认知信息加工模式形成有效的理解。（2）有留守经历大学生因早年缺乏父母的关爱和陪伴，很难形成安全型依恋关系。（3）这种不安全型依恋关系会内化形成自己的内部工作模式，对其认知信息加工模式产生长期的负面影响。 Taking a case of a visitor who is a college student with social anxiety as an example, through the evaluation and understanding of his processing mode of cognitive information formed by strict case conceptualization, the study selects and uses cognitive behavioral therapy for counseling, and adopts SCL-90 to evaluate the patient before and after counseling, and evaluates the improved condition of symptoms. Results: In interpersonal interaction, the typical processing mode of cognitive information of college students with left-behind experience may be that others and the world are indifferent, and love and understanding are hardly gained from them. After consulting, with the reduced subjective distress, the scores of somatization, depression and anxiety factors of help seekers were lower than those of the pretest. Conclusion: (1) Cognitive behavioral therapy can form an effective understanding of processing mode of individual cognitive information; (2) College students with left-behind experience can hardly form a secure attachment relationship because they grow up without the care and company from their parents; (3) This insecure attachment relationship will internalize and form its own internal working mode, which will have a long-term negative impact on its processing mode of cognitive information.