Impact of periodontal treatment on inflammatory oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease subjects: An interventional clinical trial.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the role of improvement in inflammatory oxidative stress by periodontal therapy (NSPT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) subjects.

Methods: 50 stable subjects of CKD (stage III-IV) and having chronic periodontitis were enrolled for the present study. Group A (control group) subjects who did not receive NSPT and Group B (test group) subjects who received NSPT. Oral hygiene instructions were given to both groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum, albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR), pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in serum were assessed at baseline and 6 months.

Results: There was a significant difference observed in PD, CAL, PI, GI and MDA-GCF, hs-CRP, IL-1β in serum following NSPT in the test group compared to the control group at 6 months follow up. Within the limitations of the study, the results revealed that NSPT can be used as an effective method to reduce inflammatory oxidative stress in CKD subjects and improve renal health. Further well-designed longitudinal trials with larger sample size and longer follow ups are needed.

Clinical significance: The non-surgical periodontal intervention showed statistically significant improvement on oxidative and inflammatory stress markers in gingival crevicular fluid and serum in subjects suffering from chronic kidney disease which suggests that periodontal treatment may be beneficial for these subjects.