Julia Caon Araujo , José Carlos Sícoli Seoane , Gislaine Vanessa Lima , Erandy Gomes da Silva , Luis Guilherme França , Elisa Elena de Souza Santos , Iago Mendes de Oliveira , Pedro Henrique Cipresso Pereira
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Brazilian corals are unique ecosystems with high endemism and low functional redundancy. Hence, mapping its geomorphology is an important step to inferring analyzes on benthic habitats. We observe several difficulties during this mapping of coastal areas by remote sensing and a lack of fine-scale depth data for reef areas in Brazil. The present study aims to present the bathymetry extracted by satellite imagery in murky waters using a mosaic of Sentinel-2 images in Google Earth Engine (GEE) calibrated with field samples. We used the satellite extracted DBM to map the bottom geomorphology through BTM (Benthic Terrain Modeler). We then present the first detailed geomorphological map for the largest marine coastal protected area in Brazil- MPA Costa dos Corais. The geomorphological raster was differentiated into seven classes: Flat Plains, Depressions, Gentle Slopes, Slopes, Terrestrial Reef Flat, Reef Flat, and Crest. Altogether, we estimate >275 km2 of area representing reef structures (coral reef or beachrocks), or about 48% of the total MPA area. Mapping coral reefs can contribute to conservation, particularly in selecting areas for in situ monitoring activities and in prioritizing the application of remedial actions in the event of environmental disasters or threats to coral health, such as oil spills and bleaching episodes. Our findings encourage the applicability of these methodologies in other reef areas and collaborate for the management and monitoring of marine protected areas. In addition, all mapping is available online for any user.
巴西珊瑚是独特的生态系统,具有高地方性和低功能冗余。因此,绘制其地貌图是推断底栖生物栖息地分析的重要步骤。我们观察到,在巴西,通过遥感绘制沿海地区的地图以及缺乏珊瑚礁地区的精细深度数据存在一些困难。本研究的目的是利用谷歌地球引擎(GEE)中Sentinel-2图像与现场样品校准的马赛克,呈现由卫星图像提取的浑浊水域的水深测量。利用卫星提取的DBM数据,通过BTM (Benthic Terrain Modeler)绘制海底地貌图。然后,我们展示了巴西最大的海洋海岸保护区- MPA Costa dos Corais的第一张详细的地形图。地貌栅格划分为平原、洼地、缓坡、斜坡、陆相礁滩、礁滩和波峰7类。总的来说,我们估计有275平方公里的面积代表珊瑚礁结构(珊瑚礁或滩岩),约占海洋保护区总面积的48%。绘制珊瑚礁地图有助于保护,特别是在选择进行就地监测活动的地区,以及在发生环境灾害或珊瑚健康受到威胁时(如漏油和白化事件)优先采取补救行动方面。我们的研究结果鼓励这些方法在其他珊瑚礁地区的适用性,并合作管理和监测海洋保护区。此外,所有映射对任何用户都是在线可用的。
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Sea Research is an international and multidisciplinary periodical on marine research, with an emphasis on the functioning of marine ecosystems in coastal and shelf seas, including intertidal, estuarine and brackish environments. As several subdisciplines add to this aim, manuscripts are welcome from the fields of marine biology, marine chemistry, marine sedimentology and physical oceanography, provided they add to the understanding of ecosystem processes.