Saw Bawm , Yadanar Khaing , Hla Myet Chel , Myint Myint Hmoon , Shwe Yee Win , Min Bo , Tint Naing , Lat Lat Htun
{"title":"Molecular detection of Dirofilaria immitis and its Wolbachia endosymbionts in dogs from Myanmar","authors":"Saw Bawm , Yadanar Khaing , Hla Myet Chel , Myint Myint Hmoon , Shwe Yee Win , Min Bo , Tint Naing , Lat Lat Htun","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2023.100148","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heartworm disease in dogs and cats caused by <em>Dirofilaria immitis</em> continues to be a major clinical issue globally. This study focused on dogs suspicious of having tick-borne diseases (TBD) brought to a clinic and a veterinary teaching hospital in Myanmar. Blood samples were collected and initially screened using SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test kit. All dog blood samples were subjected to conventional PCR to detect both <em>Dirofilaria</em> spp. (<em>cox</em>1 gene) and <em>Wolbachia</em> spp. (16S rDNA) infections. Infection with <em>D. immitis</em> was detected in 14 (28.0%) of 50 examined samples, while the detection rate of TBD causative agents, including <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em> and <em>Ehrlichia canis</em>, was 26.0% (13/50) and 26.0% (13/50), respectively, as determined by ELISA rapid test. In this study, <em>D. immitis</em> infection was moderately but significantly correlated with TBD infections (Pearson’s <em>r</em> = 0.397, <em>P</em> = 0.008). Comparative sequence and phylogenetic analyses provided molecular identification of <em>D. immitis</em> in Myanmar and confirmed the identity of its <em>Wolbachia</em> endosymbiont with <em>Wolbachia</em> endosymbionts isolated from <em>D. immitis</em>, <em>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</em> and <em>Aedes aegypti.</em> The present study contributes to our understanding of the coexistence of <em>D. immitis</em> and <em>Wolbachia</em> endosymbiosis in dogs, and the findings may benefit the future prevention and control of dirofilariasis in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X23000365/pdfft?md5=92efb38837b818c520ee69ca90d6160e&pid=1-s2.0-S2667114X23000365-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X23000365","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Heartworm disease in dogs and cats caused by Dirofilaria immitis continues to be a major clinical issue globally. This study focused on dogs suspicious of having tick-borne diseases (TBD) brought to a clinic and a veterinary teaching hospital in Myanmar. Blood samples were collected and initially screened using SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test kit. All dog blood samples were subjected to conventional PCR to detect both Dirofilaria spp. (cox1 gene) and Wolbachia spp. (16S rDNA) infections. Infection with D. immitis was detected in 14 (28.0%) of 50 examined samples, while the detection rate of TBD causative agents, including Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia canis, was 26.0% (13/50) and 26.0% (13/50), respectively, as determined by ELISA rapid test. In this study, D. immitis infection was moderately but significantly correlated with TBD infections (Pearson’s r = 0.397, P = 0.008). Comparative sequence and phylogenetic analyses provided molecular identification of D. immitis in Myanmar and confirmed the identity of its Wolbachia endosymbiont with Wolbachia endosymbionts isolated from D. immitis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Aedes aegypti. The present study contributes to our understanding of the coexistence of D. immitis and Wolbachia endosymbiosis in dogs, and the findings may benefit the future prevention and control of dirofilariasis in dogs.