Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases最新文献

Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100245

Prakai Rajchanuwong , Sawaporn Peaboon , Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan , Atsalek Rattanawannee , Atirat Noosidum , Boonhiang Promdonkoy , Jariya Chanpaisaeng , Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Organophosphates, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids are commonly used in Thailand to control mosquito vectors; however, long-term use of insecticides in vector control has led to the rapid development of insecticide resistance. In this study, we screened Bacillus thuringiensis strains as biological control agents for potential toxins against mosquito larvae as an additional control tool. Preliminary bioassays conducted on 434 strains demonstrated that 41 strains (11.64%) and 14 strains (3.97%) achieved 100% mortality against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, respectively. Three strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) showed toxicity to both mosquito species, compared with the reference Bti strain. Strains JC691 demonstrated the highest efficacy against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, with an LC₅₀ value of 6.96 × 10⁴ CFU/ml and 1.16 × 10³ CFU/ml, respectively. A comparison of LC₅₀ values revealed that JC691 exhibited higher efficacy against Cx. quinquefasciatus than that by Bti (Bti LC₅₀: 8.89 × 10⁴ CFU/ml) but lower efficacy against Ae. aegypti (Bti LC₅₀: 1.99 × 10³ CFU/ml). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that JC690, JC691, and JC699 are rod-shaped, have oval spores, and produce bi-pyramidal crystal proteins. Protein profile analysis using SDS-PAGE demonstrated distinct differences between these Thailand strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) and the reference Bti strain. All three Thailand strains contained cry1I and cry2A genes, and only JC691 harbored the cry32 gene. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of cry32 indicated that the partial sequences of cry32 in JC691 from Thailand were distinct from those of other B. thuringiensis strains from different countries. This study demonstrates the potential of JC690, JC691, and JC699 as biocontrol agents for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.

{"title":"Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes","authors":"Prakai Rajchanuwong , Sawaporn Peaboon , Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan , Atsalek Rattanawannee , Atirat Noosidum , Boonhiang Promdonkoy , Jariya Chanpaisaeng , Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organophosphates, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids are commonly used in Thailand to control mosquito vectors; however, long-term use of insecticides in vector control has led to the rapid development of insecticide resistance. In this study, we screened Bacillus thuringiensis strains as biological control agents for potential toxins against mosquito larvae as an additional control tool. Preliminary bioassays conducted on 434 strains demonstrated that 41 strains (11.64%) and 14 strains (3.97%) achieved 100% mortality against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, respectively. Three strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) showed toxicity to both mosquito species, compared with the reference Bti strain. Strains JC691 demonstrated the highest efficacy against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, with an LC50 value of 6.96 × 104 CFU/ml and 1.16 × 103 CFU/ml, respectively. A comparison of LC50 values revealed that JC691 exhibited higher efficacy against Cx. quinquefasciatus than that by Bti (Bti LC50: 8.89 × 10⁴ CFU/ml) but lower efficacy against Ae. aegypti (Bti LC50: 1.99 × 10³ CFU/ml). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that JC690, JC691, and JC699 are rod-shaped, have oval spores, and produce bi-pyramidal crystal proteins. Protein profile analysis using SDS-PAGE demonstrated distinct differences between these Thailand strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) and the reference Bti strain. All three Thailand strains contained cry1I and cry2A genes, and only JC691 harbored the cry32 gene. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of cry32 indicated that the partial sequences of cry32 in JC691 from Thailand were distinct from those of other B. thuringiensis strains from different countries. This study demonstrates the potential of JC690, JC691, and JC699 as biocontrol agents for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into the transmission cycle of cutaneous leishmaniasis from an endemic community in rural Guatemala

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100244

Yaimie Lopez , Aitor Casas-Sanchez , Byron Arana , Nidia Rizzo , Erick Duran , Norma Padilla , Andrea de la Vega , Esteban Bustamante , Álvaro Acosta-Serrano , Renata Mendizabal-Cabrera

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic vector-borne disease prevalent in 90 countries. Despite its endemicity in Guatemala, key transmission factors are still unknown. To address this, we characterized sand fly populations and Leishmania parasites in a Guatemalan community in 2022. We visited the households of 23 patients with lesions compatible with CL, sampled for sand flies and analysed Leishmania spp. presence in patients’ skin scrapings and in collected sand flies. We collected 93 sand flies, predominantly females including the vector species Nyssomyia ylephiletor, Bichromomyia olmeca and Lutzomyia cruciata. Nyssomyia ylephiletor was the most abundant species indoors. Four Leishmania spp. were identified including L. panamensis, L. guyanensis, L. braziliensis and L. infantum in CL lesions, L. guyanensis complex species (L. guyanensis or L. panamensis) and Leishmania sp. in sand flies. Sand fly species positive for Leishmania spp. were Ny. ylephiletor, Dampfomyia deleoni, Dampfomyia sp. and Brumptomyia sp. Blood-meal analysis revealed human and pig blood in engorged Ny. ylephiletor collected inside and in the proximity of the households. This is the first report of L. guyanensis in Guatemalan patients and provides insights into CL transmission dynamics, suggesting potential indoor transmission, pending more studies.

{"title":"Insights into the transmission cycle of cutaneous leishmaniasis from an endemic community in rural Guatemala","authors":"Yaimie Lopez , Aitor Casas-Sanchez , Byron Arana , Nidia Rizzo , Erick Duran , Norma Padilla , Andrea de la Vega , Esteban Bustamante , Álvaro Acosta-Serrano , Renata Mendizabal-Cabrera","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic vector-borne disease prevalent in 90 countries. Despite its endemicity in Guatemala, key transmission factors are still unknown. To address this, we characterized sand fly populations and Leishmania parasites in a Guatemalan community in 2022. We visited the households of 23 patients with lesions compatible with CL, sampled for sand flies and analysed Leishmania spp. presence in patients’ skin scrapings and in collected sand flies. We collected 93 sand flies, predominantly females including the vector species Nyssomyia ylephiletor, Bichromomyia olmeca and Lutzomyia cruciata. Nyssomyia ylephiletor was the most abundant species indoors. Four Leishmania spp. were identified including L. panamensis, L. guyanensis, L. braziliensis and L. infantum in CL lesions, L. guyanensis complex species (L. guyanensis or L. panamensis) and Leishmania sp. in sand flies. Sand fly species positive for Leishmania spp. were Ny. ylephiletor, Dampfomyia deleoni, Dampfomyia sp. and Brumptomyia sp. Blood-meal analysis revealed human and pig blood in engorged Ny. ylephiletor collected inside and in the proximity of the households. This is the first report of L. guyanensis in Guatemalan patients and provides insights into CL transmission dynamics, suggesting potential indoor transmission, pending more studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143360315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The BiteBarrier perimeter: A passive spatial device for tick control and bite prevention

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100246

Maria V. Murgia , Laurie Widder , Catherine A. Hill

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) impact human and animal health on a global scale. Prevention of TBDs relies primarily on prevention of tick bites. New bite-prevention technologies are needed as an alternative to current approaches such as topical repellents and treated clothing which suffer low user compliance. To date, no passive spatial devices have been commercialized for area protection against ticks. The BiteBarrier (formerly the Personal Insect Repellent Kit, PIRK), a passive, lightweight device that emits transfluthrin, offers to fill this gap. In a previous study, we demonstrated contact toxicity of the BiteBarrier substrate to three tick species, Ixodes scapularis, Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma americanum, and reported differences in efficacy depending on species and short-range spatial efficacy against I. scapularis adult females. Here, we extended analyses and demonstrated modest spatial activity of the BiteBarrier substrate against A. americanum and D. variabilis adult females. Using a dual-choice behavioral assay, we showed that the three tick species preferred an area of untreated substrate. Lastly, we present a novel perimeter assay, developed to assess the efficacy of the BiteBarrier ground-based prototype against ticks. At short-range in a Peet Grady-style chamber, the BiteBarrier perimeter induced greater than 90% knockdown of I. scapularis adult females at 1 and 2 h post-exposure and 90% mortality at 48 h post-exposure. Taken together, study findings indicate the potential of the BiteBarrier perimeter to control ticks at near range and potentially, to protect against tick bites.

{"title":"The BiteBarrier perimeter: A passive spatial device for tick control and bite prevention","authors":"Maria V. Murgia , Laurie Widder , Catherine A. Hill","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) impact human and animal health on a global scale. Prevention of TBDs relies primarily on prevention of tick bites. New bite-prevention technologies are needed as an alternative to current approaches such as topical repellents and treated clothing which suffer low user compliance. To date, no passive spatial devices have been commercialized for area protection against ticks. The BiteBarrier (formerly the Personal Insect Repellent Kit, PIRK), a passive, lightweight device that emits transfluthrin, offers to fill this gap. In a previous study, we demonstrated contact toxicity of the BiteBarrier substrate to three tick species, Ixodes scapularis, Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma americanum, and reported differences in efficacy depending on species and short-range spatial efficacy against I. scapularis adult females. Here, we extended analyses and demonstrated modest spatial activity of the BiteBarrier substrate against A. americanum and D. variabilis adult females. Using a dual-choice behavioral assay, we showed that the three tick species preferred an area of untreated substrate. Lastly, we present a novel perimeter assay, developed to assess the efficacy of the BiteBarrier ground-based prototype against ticks. At short-range in a Peet Grady-style chamber, the BiteBarrier perimeter induced greater than 90% knockdown of I. scapularis adult females at 1 and 2 h post-exposure and 90% mortality at 48 h post-exposure. Taken together, study findings indicate the potential of the BiteBarrier perimeter to control ticks at near range and potentially, to protect against tick bites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Density-dependence and different dimensions of changing weather shape adult abundance patterns of common mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Bloomington, Indiana, USA

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100242

Aidan Patrick Simons , Amanda Lenfestey , Luis Fernando Chaves

Understanding the factors driving changes in mosquito abundance are key to quantify the risk they pose as vectors of pathogens. Here, to study the impacts of weather changes and density-dependent regulation on mosquito species abundance, we used season long weekly time series of Aedes japonicus (Theobald), Aedes triseriatus (Say), Aedes vexans (Meigen), Anopheles punctipennis (Say), Coquillettidia perturbans (Walker), and Culex pipiens L., common mosquito species in the Bloomington, IN, USA, area. We use the forced Ricker model to estimate population growth and density-dependence parameters, as well as the forcing by weather variables. We found that weather factors important for the population dynamics of these species were different. We found that Cx. pipiens population dynamics was not associated with any weather variables, while Ae. japonicus, Ae. triseriatus and Cq. perturbans were forced by relative humidity, Ae. vexans by SD of rainfall, and An. punctipennis by the kurtosis of temperature. These results illustrate the diversity of ways in which mosquitoes can respond to changing weather patterns and highlight the need for a more nuanced understanding of how mosquitoes respond to climate change by coupling field studies with mathematical modeling.

{"title":"Density-dependence and different dimensions of changing weather shape adult abundance patterns of common mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Bloomington, Indiana, USA","authors":"Aidan Patrick Simons , Amanda Lenfestey , Luis Fernando Chaves","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the factors driving changes in mosquito abundance are key to quantify the risk they pose as vectors of pathogens. Here, to study the impacts of weather changes and density-dependent regulation on mosquito species abundance, we used season long weekly time series of Aedes japonicus (Theobald), Aedes triseriatus (Say), Aedes vexans (Meigen), Anopheles punctipennis (Say), Coquillettidia perturbans (Walker), and Culex pipiens L., common mosquito species in the Bloomington, IN, USA, area. We use the forced Ricker model to estimate population growth and density-dependence parameters, as well as the forcing by weather variables. We found that weather factors important for the population dynamics of these species were different. We found that Cx. pipiens population dynamics was not associated with any weather variables, while Ae. japonicus, Ae. triseriatus and Cq. perturbans were forced by relative humidity, Ae. vexans by SD of rainfall, and An. punctipennis by the kurtosis of temperature. These results illustrate the diversity of ways in which mosquitoes can respond to changing weather patterns and highlight the need for a more nuanced understanding of how mosquitoes respond to climate change by coupling field studies with mathematical modeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small mammals as hosts of vector-borne pathogens in the High Tatra Mountains region in Slovakia, Central Europe

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100240

Bronislava Víchová , Michal Stanko , Martina Miterpáková , Zuzana Hurníková , Yaroslav Syrota , Patrícia Schmer-Jakšová , Petronela Komorová , Lucia Vargová , Veronika Blažeková , Dana Zubriková , Klaudia Mária Švirlochová , Gabriela Chovancová

Rodents and insectivores are significant reservoirs of many zoonotic pathogens, contributing to the transmission of diseases affecting human and animal health. This study investigated the prevalence and diversity of vector-borne pathogens in small mammals within the High Tatras region of Slovakia, an area with substantial recreational activity and protected zones. A total of 156 small mammals, comprising ten species, were screened for pathogens such as Bartonella spp., Borrelia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Babesia spp. The prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in the studied animals reached 74.35%, with Bartonella spp. being the most common, identified in 57.7% of the animals, particularly in Apodemus flavicollis and Clethrionomys glareolus. Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) was detected in 11.5% of the rodents, with Borrelia afzelii identified as the predominant species. Babesia microti was found in A. flavicollis and Mus musculus, with a total prevalence of 3.2%. The lowest was the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum reaching 1.9%. This study provides evidence of the significant role of rodents as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens in protected areas of the High Tatras region and Tatra National Park.

{"title":"Small mammals as hosts of vector-borne pathogens in the High Tatra Mountains region in Slovakia, Central Europe","authors":"Bronislava Víchová , Michal Stanko , Martina Miterpáková , Zuzana Hurníková , Yaroslav Syrota , Patrícia Schmer-Jakšová , Petronela Komorová , Lucia Vargová , Veronika Blažeková , Dana Zubriková , Klaudia Mária Švirlochová , Gabriela Chovancová","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rodents and insectivores are significant reservoirs of many zoonotic pathogens, contributing to the transmission of diseases affecting human and animal health. This study investigated the prevalence and diversity of vector-borne pathogens in small mammals within the High Tatras region of Slovakia, an area with substantial recreational activity and protected zones. A total of 156 small mammals, comprising ten species, were screened for pathogens such as Bartonella spp., Borrelia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Babesia spp. The prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in the studied animals reached 74.35%, with Bartonella spp. being the most common, identified in 57.7% of the animals, particularly in Apodemus flavicollis and Clethrionomys glareolus. Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) was detected in 11.5% of the rodents, with Borrelia afzelii identified as the predominant species. Babesia microti was found in A. flavicollis and Mus musculus, with a total prevalence of 3.2%. The lowest was the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum reaching 1.9%. This study provides evidence of the significant role of rodents as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens in protected areas of the High Tatras region and Tatra National Park.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA-elucidated life cycle of a highly pathogenic avian nematode: Streptocara incognita (Spirurida: Acuariidae) and its morphological development from infective third-stage larva to adult 一种高致病性禽线虫：隐链虫（螺旋藻目：针鼹科）的dna鉴定生命周期及其从感染性第三期幼虫到成虫的形态发育。

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100238

Yasen Mutafchiev , Yannick Roman , Kathryn Griffiths , Lyubomir Kenderov , Michelle L. Michalski

Streptocara incognita Gibson, 1968 is an acuariid nematode associated with lethal cases of streptocarosis of diverse aquatic birds in North America and Europe. This study reports S. incognita as an agent causing severe and fatal necrosis of the oesophagus and proventriculus of anatids, i.e. Somateria mollissima (L.), Marmaronetta angustirostris (Ménétriés), Tadorna tadorna (L.) and Spatula querquedula (L.), kept in open pens in the Zoological Park, Clères, France. Comparative analysis of 12S rRNA gene sequences revealed that third-stage infective nematode larvae found in the amphipod Gammarus pulex pulex (L.) in the river passing through the pens belong to S. incognita thus elucidating the life cycle of this species. A partial sequence of the cox1 gene was also generated. To complement the brief original description of S. incognita, a detailed morphological description of the adult stages is provided based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, morphological data on the developing third- and fourth-stage larvae found in the definitive host and third-stage infective nematode larvae found in G. pulex pulex are also provided. This is the first record of an intermediate host of S. incognita. Somateria mollissima, M. angustirostris and S. querquedula are new host records.

Streptocara incognita Gibson， 1968是一种与北美和欧洲多种水鸟链球菌病致死病例有关的针状线虫。本研究报道了在法国clires动物园的开放式猪圈中饲养的s.incognita是一种引起动物(即Somateria mollissima (L.), Marmaronetta angustirostris （m - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3), Tadorna Tadorna （L.）和Spatula querquedula (L.)）食道和前室严重和致命坏死的病原体。通过对12S rRNA基因序列的比较分析发现，在流经猪圈的河流中发现的片脚类Gammarus pulex pulex （L.）的第三期感染线虫幼虫属于S. incognita，从而阐明了该物种的生命周期。生成了cox1基因的部分序列。为了补充原始的简要描述，在光学和扫描电子显微镜的基础上提供了成虫阶段的详细形态学描述。此外，还提供了在终寄主中发现的发育中的第三期和第四期幼虫以及在G. pulex pulex中发现的第三期感染性线虫幼虫的形态学数据。这是第一次记录到隐球菌的中间寄主。mollissima、M. angustirostris和S. querquedula是新的寄主记录。

{"title":"DNA-elucidated life cycle of a highly pathogenic avian nematode: Streptocara incognita (Spirurida: Acuariidae) and its morphological development from infective third-stage larva to adult","authors":"Yasen Mutafchiev , Yannick Roman , Kathryn Griffiths , Lyubomir Kenderov , Michelle L. Michalski","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Streptocara incognita Gibson, 1968 is an acuariid nematode associated with lethal cases of streptocarosis of diverse aquatic birds in North America and Europe. This study reports S. incognita as an agent causing severe and fatal necrosis of the oesophagus and proventriculus of anatids, i.e. Somateria mollissima (L.), Marmaronetta angustirostris (Ménétriés), Tadorna tadorna (L.) and Spatula querquedula (L.), kept in open pens in the Zoological Park, Clères, France. Comparative analysis of 12S rRNA gene sequences revealed that third-stage infective nematode larvae found in the amphipod Gammarus pulex pulex (L.) in the river passing through the pens belong to S. incognita thus elucidating the life cycle of this species. A partial sequence of the cox1 gene was also generated. To complement the brief original description of S. incognita, a detailed morphological description of the adult stages is provided based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, morphological data on the developing third- and fourth-stage larvae found in the definitive host and third-stage infective nematode larvae found in G. pulex pulex are also provided. This is the first record of an intermediate host of S. incognita. Somateria mollissima, M. angustirostris and S. querquedula are new host records.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular detection and characterization of haemoparasites in captive tigers (Panthera tigris) from Thailand

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100249

Tanasak Changbunjong , Tatiyanuch Chamsai , Siriporn Tangsudjai , Nareerat Sangkachai , Chalisa Mongkolphan , Luxsana Prasittichai , Tanawat Chaiphongpachara

Haemoparasites of the genera Ehrlichia, Hepatozoon, and Babesia, which are known tick-borne pathogens, infect a wide variety of domestic and wild animals. The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive molecular detection and characterization of haemoparasites in captive tigers (Panthera tigris) at a wildlife center in Thailand. From multiplex PCR results, haemoparasites were detected in the blood of 12 out of 17 tigers (70.6%), including 4 males and 8 females. Ten tigers (58.8%) were infected with Ehrlichia canis, one (5.9%) was co-infected with Hepatozoon sp. and E. canis, and another (5.9%) was infected solely with Hepatozoon sp. No infection with Babesia spp. was found. Nucleotide sequence analyses of the VirB9 protein gene sequence of E. canis and the 18S rRNA gene sequences of Hepatozoon spp. revealed high levels of genetic similarity with GenBank reference sequences. The Hepatozoon spp. sequence from the co-infected tiger showed 98.1–99.9% similarity with Hepatozoon canis, while another sequence showed a 97.6–99.7% match with Hepatozoon felis. The detection of these parasites underscores the complex interactions and dynamics of disease transmission that exist within captive environments, highlighting the need for preventive measures. Therefore, appropriate steps should be taken to control ectoparasites and manage domestic animals within wildlife centers to minimize the risk of infection.

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引用次数: 0

Redefining Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato) species complex in Greece focusing on the mitogenome of Rhipicephalus secundus 重新定义希腊的多血鼻头虫种复合体，重点是第二鼻头虫的有丝分裂基因组。

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100231

Panagiota Ligda , Jan Šlapeta , Anastasios Saratsis , Vaia Kantzoura , Jaisy Chong , Smaragda Sotiraki

Rhipicephalus sanguineus species complex, referred to as R. sanguineus (sensu lato), is distributed globally with some species distributed in specific regions and others spread globally. In Greece, R. sanguineus (s.l.) in dogs, and Rhipicephalus turanicus and Rhipicephalus bursa in livestock, have been repeatedly reported however only based on morphological identification. Recently, there has been a great effort to accurately identify the species belonging to the R. sanguineus species complex, using modern molecular tools and describe their spatial distribution. The aim of this study was to expand the studies on the molecular characterisation of species of the R. sanguineus (s.l.) complex in the Mediterranean region, by molecularly characterising ticks collected from various locations and host species in Greece. Results confirm the presence of Rhipicephalus rutilus, Rhipicephalus secundus, R. bursa, and R. turanicus. The complete mitochondrial genome of R. secundus (approx. 15 kb) from sheep (n = 3) in Greece was sequenced and matched to sequences and morphological data from the type-material from Israel. Additionally, the mitogenome of R. bursa from goats (n = 2) in Greece was sequenced. This study provides a molecular reference for R. secundus, a tick species distributed in the Eastern Mediterranean region.

多血根头us （Rhipicephalus sanguineus）种复合体，简称多血根头us (sensu lato)，在全球范围内分布，一些种在特定区域分布，另一些种在全球范围内分布。在希腊，犬类中有血脊柱虫，家畜中有图兰脊柱虫和法氏脊柱虫，但仅基于形态学鉴定，已被多次报道。近年来，人们利用现代分子工具对红血种复合体的种类进行了准确鉴定，并对其空间分布进行了描述。本研究的目的是通过对从希腊不同地点和宿主物种收集的蜱虫进行分子特征分析，扩大地中海地区血蜱复合体物种的分子特征研究。结果证实该菌属中有rutilus、seconundus、bursa和turanicus。白杨的线粒体全基因组（线粒体基因组）。对来自希腊羊（n = 3）的15kb基因进行测序，并与来自以色列的类型材料的序列和形态数据进行匹配。此外，我们还对希腊山羊（n = 2）的法氏囊绦虫的有丝分裂基因组进行了测序。本研究为分布于东地中海地区的第二代蜱提供了分子参考。

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引用次数: 0

Species classification of Tabanus (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Western Thailand: Integrating DNA barcoding and modern morphometrics

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100243

Tanasak Changbunjong , Thekhawet Weluwanarak , Sedthapong Laojun , Tanawat Chaiphongpachara

The species of Tabanus, commonly known as horse flies, are remarkable ectoparasites capable of transmitting various pathogens to animals and humans. Given their role in disease transmission, accurate identification of horse fly species is critical but traditionally relies on morphological characteristics, requiring significant expertise and posing a high potential for error, especially with damaged specimens. To address the limitations of traditional morphological identification, this study highlights the importance of alternative techniques, including DNA barcoding and geometric morphometrics (GM). To enhance the reliability of species identification, DNA barcoding was employed to analyze 30 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene sequences from 15 horse fly species, which were then compared with sequences in the GenBank and BOLD databases. Most cox1 sequences aligned with existing data, with similarity percentages ranging from 96% to 100%. However, discrepancies were noted, including Tabanus helvinus, misidentified as Tabanus aurilineatus, and Tabanus minimus, whose sequences matched those of both Tabanus minimus and Tabanus mesogaeus. Besides DNA barcoding, GM analyses were conducted to enhance species classification accuracy. Our GM analyses employed the landmark-based method for the entire wing and the outline-based method for the first submarginal cell. While shape-based GM analyses demonstrated high reliability, with adjusted total accuracy scores of 97% and 96%, size-based GM analyses yielded significantly lower accuracy, with scores of only 27% and 23%, respectively. These findings provide a foundation for refining horse fly species classification by integrating DNA barcoding and GM approaches, offering valuable advances in species identification and developing targeted control measures.

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the epidemiological impact of attractive targeted sugar bait against malaria in combination with standard malaria control

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100247

Nima R. Moghaddas , Mohamed M. Traore , Gunter C. Müller , Joseph Wagman , Javan Chanda , Julian Entwistle , Christen M. Fornadel , Thomas S. Churcher

Attractive targeted sugar bait (ATSB) is a potential new vector control tool that exploits the sugar-feeding behaviour of mosquitoes. Little is known about the factors which drive ATSB efficacy, either as a standalone vector control tool or in combination with existing intervention strategies. It has been suggested that the percentage of wild mosquitoes caught fed on dye-containing sugar baits without the toxin could provide an entomological correlate of the potential epidemiological benefit of ATSB. A transmission dynamics mathematical model is combined with data from wild mosquitoes to investigate the relationship between the mosquito dyed fraction, bait-feeding rate and the potential epidemiological impact of ATSB in the presence of standard malaria control. The dyed fraction in Mali varies substantially in space and time (mean 0.34, standard deviation 0.15), causing estimates of the bait-feeding rate to be highly uncertain, especially in areas with existing vector control tools. The model indicates the dyed fractions observed in field experiments were broadly predictive of the reductions in mosquitoes caught when ATSB stations were deployed at scale in Mali (R² = 0.90). Model projections suggest that if these bait-feeding rates were observed in all mosquitoes, then the widespread use of ATSB could substantially reduce malaria burden alone or in combinations with standard malaria control, though epidemiological impact is likely to vary substantially in different areas. For example, observing a dyed fraction of 5% would indicate a daily bait-feeding rate of 0.024 (range 0.008–0.049) which is projected to result in 0.13 clinical cases averted per person-year (range 0.051–0.22), a 39% efficacy (range 12–66%) in this particular site. Nevertheless, the uncertainty in the relationship between the observed dyed fraction and the true bait-feeding rate, and the underlying biology of mosquito sugar-feeding means that the epidemiological benefit of this new possible intervention remains unclear.

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引用次数: 0