Biological Aging in People Living with HIV on Successful Antiretroviral Therapy: Do They Age Faster?

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1007/s11904-023-00646-0

Sara Svensson Akusjärvi, Ujjwal Neogi

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Purpose of review: In the absence of a prophylactic/therapeutic vaccine or cure, the most amazing achievement in the battle against HIV was the discovery of effective, well-tolerated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The primary research question remains whether PLWH on prolonged successful therapy has accelerated, premature, or accentuated biological aging. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the immunometabolic profile in PLWH, potentially associated with biological aging, and a better understanding of the mechanisms and temporal dynamics of biological aging in PLWH.

Recent findings: Biological aging, defined by the epigenetic alterations analyzed by the DNA methylation pattern, has been reported in PLWH with cART that points towards epigenetic age acceleration. The hastened development of specific clinical geriatric syndromes like cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancers, liver diseases, neurocognitive diseases, persistent low-grade inflammation, and a shift toward glutamate metabolism in PLWH may potentiate a metabolic profile at-risk for accelerated aging.

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成功接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染者的生物衰老:他们衰老得更快吗?

综述目的:在缺乏预防性/治疗性疫苗或治愈方法的情况下，抗击艾滋病毒的最惊人成就是发现了有效且耐受性良好的抗逆转录病毒联合疗法(cART)。主要的研究问题仍然是长期成功治疗的PLWH是否会加速、过早或加剧生物衰老。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前对PLWH中可能与生物衰老相关的免疫代谢谱的理解，并更好地了解PLWH中生物衰老的机制和时间动态。最近的发现:生物衰老，由DNA甲基化模式分析的表观遗传改变定义，已经在PLWH与cART中报道，指出表观遗传年龄加速。特定临床老年综合征的加速发展，如心血管疾病、代谢综合征、癌症、肝脏疾病、神经认知疾病、持续的低度炎症，以及PLWH向谷氨酸代谢的转变，可能会增加加速衰老的代谢风险。

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来源期刊

Current HIV/AIDS Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

2.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as antiretroviral therapies, behavioral aspects of management, and metabolic complications and comorbidity. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.