Friends' Perspective: Young Adults' Reaction to Disclosure of Chronic Illness.

Abstract

Chronic illness can negatively impact adolescents' and young adults' social support. Social support can buffer the negative impact of living with chronic illness. The purpose of this study was to test the acceptability of a hypothetical message to promote social support after a recent diagnosis of a chronic illness. Young adults (18-24; m = 21.30; N = 370), the majority of which were Caucasian, college-students, and female, were asked to read one of four vignettes and to imagine this situation happened while they were in high school. Each vignette contained a hypothetical message from a friend diagnosed with a chronic illness (cancer, traumatic brain injury, depression, or eating disorder). Participants answered forced-choice and free-response questions asking about the likelihood they would contact or visit the friend, and feelings about receiving the message. A general linear model was used to assess quantitative results, and qualitative responses were coded using the Delphi coding method. Participants responded positively, reporting a high likelihood to contact the friend, and feeling glad to receive the message regardless of vignette viewed; however, those who read the eating disorder vignette were significantly more likely to express discomfort. In qualitative responses, participants described positive emotions associated with the message and desire to support the friend. However, participants reported significantly greater discomfort with the eating disorder vignette. The results provide evidence for the potential of a short, standardized disclosure message to promote social support following chronic illness diagnosis with some additional considerations for those recently diagnosed with an eating disorder.