Epistemic and Non-epistemic Values in Earthquake Engineering.

IF 2.7 2区 哲学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Science and Engineering Ethics Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI:10.1007/s11948-023-00438-0
Luca Zanetti, Daniele Chiffi, Lorenza Petrini
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Abstract

The importance of epistemic values in science is universally recognized, whereas the role of non-epistemic values is sometimes considered disputable. It has often been argued that non-epistemic values are more relevant in applied sciences, where the goals are often practical and not merely scientific. In this paper, we present a case study concerning earthquake engineering. So far, the philosophical literature has considered various branches of engineering, but very rarely earthquake engineering. We claim that the assessment of seismic hazard models is sensitive to both epistemic and non-epistemic values. In particular, we argue that the selection and evaluation of these models are justified by epistemic values, even if they may be contingently influenced by non-epistemic values. By contrast, the aggregation of different models into an ensemble is justified by non-epistemic values, even if epistemic values may play an instrumental role in the attainment of these non-epistemic values. A careful consideration of the different epistemic and non-epistemic values at play in the choice of seismic hazard models is thus practically important when alternative models are available and there is uncertainty in the scientific community about which model should be used.

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地震工程中的认知与非认知价值。
认识论价值在科学中的重要性是公认的,而非认识论价值的作用有时被认为是有争议的。人们经常认为,非认识论的价值观在应用科学中更为相关,因为应用科学的目标往往是实际的,而不仅仅是科学的。在本文中,我们提出了一个关于地震工程的案例研究。迄今为止,哲学文献已经考虑了工程的各个分支,但很少考虑地震工程。我们认为地震灾害模型的评估对认知值和非认知值都很敏感。特别是,我们认为这些模型的选择和评估是由认知价值证明的,即使它们可能偶然受到非认知价值的影响。相比之下,将不同的模型聚合成一个整体是由非认识论价值证明的,即使认识论价值可能在实现这些非认识论价值方面发挥工具性作用。因此,在选择地震危险模型时,仔细考虑不同的认知和非认知价值是非常重要的,因为可供选择的模型是可用的,而科学界对于应该使用哪种模型存在不确定性。
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来源期刊
Science and Engineering Ethics
Science and Engineering Ethics 综合性期刊-工程:综合
CiteScore
10.70
自引率
5.40%
发文量
54
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Science and Engineering Ethics is an international multidisciplinary journal dedicated to exploring ethical issues associated with science and engineering, covering professional education, research and practice as well as the effects of technological innovations and research findings on society. While the focus of this journal is on science and engineering, contributions from a broad range of disciplines, including social sciences and humanities, are welcomed. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, ethics of new and emerging technologies, research ethics, computer ethics, energy ethics, animals and human subjects ethics, ethics education in science and engineering, ethics in design, biomedical ethics, values in technology and innovation. We welcome contributions that deal with these issues from an international perspective, particularly from countries that are underrepresented in these discussions.
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