The End Is in Sight: Current Strategies for the Elimination of HIV Vertical Transmission.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.1007/s11904-023-00655-z

Lanbo Yang, Mary Catherine Cambou, Karin Nielsen-Saines

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Abstract

Purpose of review: The goal of this review is to highlight and interpret recent trends and developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HIV vertical transmission from a clinical perspective.

Recent findings: Universal third-trimester retesting and partner testing may better identify incident HIV among pregnant patients and result in early initiation of antiretroviral therapy to prevent vertical transmission. The proven safety and efficacy of integrase inhibitors such as dolutegravir may be particularly useful in suppressing viremia in pregnant persons who present late for ART treatment. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) during pregnancy may play a role in preventing HIV acquisition; however, its role in preventing vertical transmission is difficult to elucidate. Substantial progress has been made in recent years to eliminate HIV perinatal transmission. Future research hinges upon a multipronged approach to improving HIV detection, risk-stratified treatment strategies, and prevention of primary HIV infection among pregnant persons.

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终点在望:消除艾滋病毒垂直传播的当前战略。

综述目的:本综述的目的是从临床角度强调和解释HIV垂直传播的诊断、治疗和预防的最新趋势和发展。最近的发现:普遍的妊娠晚期再检测和伴侣检测可以更好地识别怀孕患者中的HIV事件，并导致早期开始抗逆转录病毒治疗以防止垂直传播。整合酶抑制剂(如多替格拉韦)已被证实的安全性和有效性可能对抑制抗逆转录病毒治疗晚期孕妇的病毒血症特别有用。妊娠期暴露前预防(PrEP)可能在预防艾滋病毒感染方面发挥作用;然而，它在防止垂直传播方面的作用很难阐明。近年来，在消除艾滋病毒围产期传播方面取得了实质性进展。未来的研究取决于多管齐下的方法来改善艾滋病毒检测、风险分层治疗策略和预防孕妇中的原发性艾滋病毒感染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current HIV/AIDS Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

2.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as antiretroviral therapies, behavioral aspects of management, and metabolic complications and comorbidity. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.