Alzheimer Disease and Related Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Narrative Review of Screening, Prevention, and Management for Manual Therapy Providers

Journal of chiropractic medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jcm.2023.03.001

Casey J. Rogers DC, MPH , Jaime Ayuso Jr DC , Madeleine E. Hackney PhD , Charles Penza DC, PhD

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this narrative review was to review literature relevant to manual therapists about cognitive impairment, together with screening, potential treatment, and prevention modalities.

Methods

A literature search of AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database), CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PubMed, and MEDLINE was conducted with the search terms “cognitive decline,” “cognitive impairment,” “screening,” and “prevention.” We reviewed current screening practices, including functional exams, imaging, and laboratory testing. We reviewed current potential preventive measures and treatments being implemented in practice.

Results

We selected 49 resources for this narrative summary. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Exam are recommended screening tools. Imaging and laboratory testing are not recommended in screening for cognitive decline. Promotion of healthy, active living through physical and mental activities may assist with prevention of cognitive decline.

Conclusion

Cognitive decline affects a large proportion of the US population. Recognizing signs and symptoms of this condition starts with individuals, caretakers, family members, and health care providers. Health care providers should utilize the most appropriate screening tools to assess the presence of cognitive conditions.

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老年阿尔茨海默病和相关认知障碍:手工治疗提供者筛查、预防和管理的叙述性回顾

目的:回顾与手工治疗师有关的认知障碍的文献，包括筛查、潜在治疗和预防方法。方法以“认知能力下降”、“认知功能障碍”、“筛查”、“预防”为检索词，检索AMED(联合与补充医学数据库)、CINAHL(护理与联合健康文献累积索引)、PubMed和MEDLINE。我们回顾了目前的筛查方法，包括功能检查、影像学检查和实验室检测。我们审查了目前正在实施的潜在预防措施和治疗方法。结果我们选择了49个资源进行叙述总结。蒙特利尔认知评估和迷你精神状态测试是推荐的筛查工具。不推荐影像学和实验室检查筛查认知能力下降。通过身体和精神活动促进健康、积极的生活可能有助于预防认知能力下降。结论认知能力下降影响了很大一部分美国人。识别这种疾病的体征和症状从个人、看护人、家庭成员和卫生保健提供者开始。卫生保健提供者应利用最适当的筛查工具来评估认知状况的存在。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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