T Cell Abnormalities in X-Linked Agammaglobulinaemia: an Updated Review.

IF 8.4 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1007/s12016-022-08949-7
Sanchi Chawla, Ankur Kumar Jindal, Kanika Arora, Rahul Tyagi, Manpreet Dhaliwal, Amit Rawat
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency (PID) resulting from a defect in the B cell development. It has conventionally been thought that T cells play a major role in the development and function of the B cell compartment. However, it has also been shown that B cells and T cells undergo bidirectional interactions and B cells also influence the structure and function of the T cell compartment. Patients with XLA offer a unique opportunity to understand the effect of absent B cells on the T cell compartment. In this review, we provide an update on abnormalities in the T cell compartment in patients with XLA. Studies have shown impaired memory T cells, follicular helper T cells, T regulatory cells and T helper 17 in patients with XLA. In addition, these patients have also been reported to have abnormal delayed cell-mediated immune responses and vaccine-specific T cell-mediated immune responses; defective T helper cell polarization and impaired T cell receptor diversity. At present, the clinical significance of these T cell abnormalities has not been studied in detail. However, these abnormalities may result in an increased risk of viral infections, autoimmunity, autoinflammation and possibly chronic lung disease. Abnormal response to SARS-Cov2 vaccine in patients with XLA and prolonged persistence of SARS-Cov2 virus in the respiratory tract of these patients may be related to abnormalities in the T cell compartment.

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x -连锁无球蛋白血症的T细胞异常:最新综述
x连锁无球蛋白血症(XLA)是一种由B细胞发育缺陷引起的原发性免疫缺陷(PID)。传统上认为T细胞在B细胞区室的发育和功能中起主要作用。然而,也有研究表明,B细胞和T细胞进行双向相互作用,B细胞也影响T细胞室的结构和功能。XLA患者提供了一个独特的机会来了解缺失的B细胞对T细胞区室的影响。在这篇综述中,我们提供了XLA患者T细胞室异常的最新进展。研究显示XLA患者的记忆T细胞、滤泡辅助性T细胞、T调节细胞和辅助性T 17受损。此外,据报道,这些患者也有异常的延迟细胞介导的免疫反应和疫苗特异性T细胞介导的免疫反应;辅助性T细胞极化缺陷和T细胞受体多样性受损。目前,这些T细胞异常的临床意义尚未得到详细的研究。然而,这些异常可能导致病毒感染、自身免疫、自身炎症和可能的慢性肺部疾病的风险增加。XLA患者对SARS-Cov2疫苗的异常反应和SARS-Cov2病毒在这些患者呼吸道的长期持续可能与T细胞室异常有关。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
22.30
自引率
1.10%
发文量
58
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology is a scholarly journal that focuses on the advancement of clinical management in allergic and immunologic diseases. The journal publishes both scholarly reviews and experimental papers that address the current state of managing these diseases, placing new data into perspective. Each issue of the journal is dedicated to a specific theme of critical importance to allergists and immunologists, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter for a wide readership. The journal is particularly helpful in explaining how novel data impacts clinical management, along with advancements such as standardized protocols for allergy skin testing and challenge procedures, as well as improved understanding of cell biology. Ultimately, the journal aims to contribute to the improvement of care and management for patients with immune-mediated diseases.
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