Within-person associations of optimistic and pessimistic expectations with momentary stress, affect, and ambulatory blood pressure.

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Anxiety Stress and Coping Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-13 DOI:10.1080/10615806.2022.2142574

John M Felt, Michael A Russell, Jillian A Johnson, John M Ruiz, Bert N Uchino, Matthew Allison, Timothy W Smith, Daniel J Taylor, Chul Ahn, Joshua Smyth

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Abstract

Background and objectives: Although dispositional optimism and pessimism have been prospectively associated with health outcomes, little is known about how these associations manifest in everyday life. This study examined how short-term optimistic and pessimistic expectations were associated with psychological and physiological stress processes.

Methods: A diverse sample of adults (N = 300) completed a 2-day/1-night ecological momentary assessment and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) protocol at ∼45-minute intervals.

Results: Moments that were more optimistic than typical for a person were followed by moments with lower likelihood of reporting a stressor, higher positive affect (PA), lower negative affect (NA), and less subjective stress (SS). Moments that were more pessimistic than typical were not associated with any affective stress outcome at the following moment. Neither optimism nor pessimism were associated with ABP, and did not moderate associations between reporting a stressor and outcomes.

Discussion: These findings suggest that intraindividual fluctuations in optimistic and pessimistic expectations are associated with stressor appraisals.

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乐观和悲观预期与瞬间压力、情绪和流动血压的人际关联。

背景和目的：尽管倾向性乐观和悲观与健康结果有前瞻性关联，但人们对这些关联在日常生活中的表现却知之甚少。本研究探讨了短期乐观和悲观预期与心理和生理压力过程之间的关系：方法：不同的成人样本（N = 300）完成了一项为期 2 天/1 夜的生态瞬间评估和动态血压（ABP）方案，间隔时间为 45 分钟：结果表明：与一般人相比，乐观时刻之后，报告压力源的可能性较低、积极情绪（PA）较高、消极情绪（NA）较低、主观压力（SS）较小。比一般人更悲观的时刻与接下来时刻的任何情感压力结果都没有关联。乐观和悲观都与 ABP 无关，也不影响报告压力源和结果之间的关联：这些研究结果表明，个体内部乐观和悲观预期的波动与压力评价有关。

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来源期刊

Anxiety Stress and Coping Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal provides a forum for scientific, theoretically important, and clinically significant research reports and conceptual contributions. It deals with experimental and field studies on anxiety dimensions and stress and coping processes, but also with related topics such as the antecedents and consequences of stress and emotion. We also encourage submissions contributing to the understanding of the relationship between psychological and physiological processes, specific for stress and anxiety. Manuscripts should report novel findings that are of interest to an international readership. While the journal is open to a diversity of articles.