Kursat Koskeroglu, Mukaddes Barel, Harun Hizlisoy, Yeliz Yildirim
{"title":"Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance profiles of water-borne pathogens","authors":"Kursat Koskeroglu, Mukaddes Barel, Harun Hizlisoy, Yeliz Yildirim","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104056","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Water sources (surface water, drinking water, rivers, and ponds) are significant reservoirs for transmitting antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In addition, these waters are an important public health problem because they are suitable environments for transferring antibiotic resistance genes between bacterial species. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates in water samples, the susceptibility of the isolates to the specified antibiotics, the determination of biofilm ability, antibiotic resistance genes, and the molecular typing of the isolates. For this purpose, </span>Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) analyses were used. Out of 70 isolates, 15 (21%) were ESBL producing, and sent for the MALDI-TOF analysis, where </span><span><span><em>Escherichia coli, </em><em>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus</em><em>, </em></span><em>Enterobacter</em><span><span><em> bugandensis, Acinetobacter pittii, </em><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em><em>, </em></span><em>Acinetobacter junii</em><span><em>, </em><em>Pseudomonas oleovorans</em><em>,</em></span></span></span> and <em>Enterobacter ludwigigii</em><span> were identified. Moreover, colistin resistance genes (</span><em>mcr 1/2/6, mcr 4, mcr 5, mcr 3/7</em>, and <em>mcr 8</em>), ESBL-encoding genes (<em>bla</em><sub>SHV</sub><em>, bla</em><sub>TEM</sub>, and <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M</sub>) and carbapenemase genes (<em>bla</em><sub>NDM</sub>, <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-48</sub>, and <em>bla</em><sub>KPC</sub>) using molecular analysis (PCR) were confirmed. The colistin resistance gene was detected at 80% (12/15) in the isolates obtained. The distribution of these isolates according to resistance genes was found as <em>mcr 1/2/6</em> 4 (20%), <em>mcr 3/7</em> 3 (13%), and <em>mcr 5</em> (40%). Additionally, the isolates harbored <em>bla</em><sub>SHV</sub>(6.6%) and <em>bla</em><sub>TEM</sub> (6.6%) genes. However, <em>bla</em><sub>NDM</sub>, <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-48</sub>, <em>bla</em><sub>KPC</sub>, and <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M</sub> genes were not detected in any isolates. According to the Congo red agar method, seven (46.6%) isolates showed negative biofilm ability, and eight (53.3%) showed moderate biofilm ability. However, the microplate method detected weak biofilm in 53.3% of the isolates. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for the existence of multidrug-resistant bacteria that co-exist with <em>mcr</em> and ESBL genes in water sources. These bacteria can migrate to other environments and pose increasing threats to public health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Research in microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923250823000311","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Water sources (surface water, drinking water, rivers, and ponds) are significant reservoirs for transmitting antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In addition, these waters are an important public health problem because they are suitable environments for transferring antibiotic resistance genes between bacterial species. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates in water samples, the susceptibility of the isolates to the specified antibiotics, the determination of biofilm ability, antibiotic resistance genes, and the molecular typing of the isolates. For this purpose, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) analyses were used. Out of 70 isolates, 15 (21%) were ESBL producing, and sent for the MALDI-TOF analysis, where Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Enterobacter bugandensis, Acinetobacter pittii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter junii, Pseudomonas oleovorans, and Enterobacter ludwigigii were identified. Moreover, colistin resistance genes (mcr 1/2/6, mcr 4, mcr 5, mcr 3/7, and mcr 8), ESBL-encoding genes (blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaCTX-M) and carbapenemase genes (blaNDM, blaOXA-48, and blaKPC) using molecular analysis (PCR) were confirmed. The colistin resistance gene was detected at 80% (12/15) in the isolates obtained. The distribution of these isolates according to resistance genes was found as mcr 1/2/6 4 (20%), mcr 3/7 3 (13%), and mcr 5 (40%). Additionally, the isolates harbored blaSHV(6.6%) and blaTEM (6.6%) genes. However, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaKPC, and blaCTX-M genes were not detected in any isolates. According to the Congo red agar method, seven (46.6%) isolates showed negative biofilm ability, and eight (53.3%) showed moderate biofilm ability. However, the microplate method detected weak biofilm in 53.3% of the isolates. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for the existence of multidrug-resistant bacteria that co-exist with mcr and ESBL genes in water sources. These bacteria can migrate to other environments and pose increasing threats to public health.
期刊介绍：
Research in Microbiology is the direct descendant of the original Pasteur periodical entitled Annales de l''Institut Pasteur, created in 1887 by Emile Duclaux under the patronage of Louis Pasteur. The Editorial Committee included Chamberland, Grancher, Nocard, Roux and Straus, and the first issue began with Louis Pasteur''s "Lettre sur la Rage" which clearly defines the spirit of the journal:"You have informed me, my dear Duclaux, that you intend to start a monthly collection of articles entitled "Annales de l''Institut Pasteur". You will be rendering a service that will be appreciated by the ever increasing number of young scientists who are attracted to microbiological studies. In your Annales, our laboratory research will of course occupy a central position, but the work from outside groups that you intend to publish will be a source of competitive stimulation for all of us."That first volume included 53 articles as well as critical reviews and book reviews. From that time on, the Annales appeared regularly every month, without interruption, even during the two world wars. Although the journal has undergone many changes over the past 100 years (in the title, the format, the language) reflecting the evolution in scientific publishing, it has consistently maintained the Pasteur tradition by publishing original reports on all aspects of microbiology.
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