Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen, and the formation of its biofilm makes it resistant to traditional antifungal therapy. Anthraquinones have universal antibacterial activity. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone on C. albicans adhesion, mycelial morphology transformation, and biofilm formation. The results showed that 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone could inhibit C. albicans adhesion, mycelium formation, and biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner at 2 μg/mL. In addition, 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone significantly inhibited the expression of biofilm formation-related genes in C. albicans, including ALS1, CPH1, ECE1, HWP1, TEC1, BCR1, and UME6. In addition, Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 pathway-related genes (RAC1, CYR1, and TPK2) were also significantly down-regulated, indicating that the inhibitory effect of 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone on C. albicans biofilms may be related to the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 signaling pathway. In summary, the results of this study confirmed the inhibitory mechanism of 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone on the virulence factors of C. albicans, which laid a theoretical foundation for its use as an anti-biofilm agent against C. albicans.
{"title":"2-Chloromethyl Anthraquinone Inhibits Candida Albicans Biofilm Formation by Inhibiting the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 Pathway.","authors":"Haoying Zhang, Qi Zhang, Ting Zuo, Ziqi Wang, Jianmin Liao, Yuanyuan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen, and the formation of its biofilm makes it resistant to traditional antifungal therapy. Anthraquinones have universal antibacterial activity. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone on C. albicans adhesion, mycelial morphology transformation, and biofilm formation. The results showed that 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone could inhibit C. albicans adhesion, mycelium formation, and biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner at 2 μg/mL. In addition, 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone significantly inhibited the expression of biofilm formation-related genes in C. albicans, including ALS1, CPH1, ECE1, HWP1, TEC1, BCR1, and UME6. In addition, Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 pathway-related genes (RAC1, CYR1, and TPK2) were also significantly down-regulated, indicating that the inhibitory effect of 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone on C. albicans biofilms may be related to the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 signaling pathway. In summary, the results of this study confirmed the inhibitory mechanism of 2-chloromethyl anthraquinone on the virulence factors of C. albicans, which laid a theoretical foundation for its use as an anti-biofilm agent against C. albicans.</p>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"104280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104279
Souleima Dhahbi, Jeonghee Lee, Dohee Ryu, Ganiyu Akinniyi, Inho Yang
Tunisia, located in North Africa, has a diverse topography along the Mediterranean Sea to the Sahara Desert. These environments encompass oases, rhizosphere soils, desert deposits, saline wetlands, offshore oilrigs, and ancient monument rocks. The country's varied environments have led to the isolation of a multitude of actinomycetes. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequences of one hundred isolated actinomycetes strains revealed that the majority belong to the genus Streptomyces. Secondary metabolite studies from these actinomycetes yielded 33 natural products. Notably, compound 12, 3-O-methylviridicatin, exhibited antitumor activity and suppressed HIV expression. This showcases Tunisia's potential for natural product research.
突尼斯位于北非，从地中海到撒哈拉沙漠，地形多样。这些环境包括绿洲、根际土壤、沙漠沉积物、含盐湿地、海上石油钻井平台和古代纪念碑岩石。该国多变的环境导致了大量放线菌的分离。通过对100株分离的放线菌的16S rRNA序列进行系统发育分析，发现大多数放线菌属于链霉菌属。这些放线菌的次生代谢物研究产生了33种天然产物。值得注意的是，化合物12,3 - o -甲基vi可笑蛋白具有抗肿瘤活性并抑制HIV的表达。这显示了突尼斯在天然产品研究方面的潜力。
{"title":"Actinomycetes studies in Tunisia.","authors":"Souleima Dhahbi, Jeonghee Lee, Dohee Ryu, Ganiyu Akinniyi, Inho Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tunisia, located in North Africa, has a diverse topography along the Mediterranean Sea to the Sahara Desert. These environments encompass oases, rhizosphere soils, desert deposits, saline wetlands, offshore oilrigs, and ancient monument rocks. The country's varied environments have led to the isolation of a multitude of actinomycetes. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequences of one hundred isolated actinomycetes strains revealed that the majority belong to the genus Streptomyces. Secondary metabolite studies from these actinomycetes yielded 33 natural products. Notably, compound 12, 3-O-methylviridicatin, exhibited antitumor activity and suppressed HIV expression. This showcases Tunisia's potential for natural product research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"104279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104267
Giorgio Silva-Santana
This study reviews Staphylococcus aureus, a significant pathogen in both hospital and community-acquired infections, addressing its epidemiology, pathogenesis, and antimicrobial resistance. It highlights virulence mechanisms, such as adhesion factors, toxins, enzymes, and biofilms, which contribute to survival and immune evasion. The spread of resistance occurs through the transfer of mobile genetic elements like SCCmec and genetic mutations. The analysis also compares hospital and community strains, including multidrug-resistant lineages like MRSA, VISA, and VRSA. The study concludes that S. aureus presents a major public health challenge, requiring new therapeutic approaches and preventive strategies.
{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus: Dynamics of pathogenicity and antimicrobial-resistance in hospital and community environments - Comprehensive overview.","authors":"Giorgio Silva-Santana","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reviews Staphylococcus aureus, a significant pathogen in both hospital and community-acquired infections, addressing its epidemiology, pathogenesis, and antimicrobial resistance. It highlights virulence mechanisms, such as adhesion factors, toxins, enzymes, and biofilms, which contribute to survival and immune evasion. The spread of resistance occurs through the transfer of mobile genetic elements like SCCmec and genetic mutations. The analysis also compares hospital and community strains, including multidrug-resistant lineages like MRSA, VISA, and VRSA. The study concludes that S. aureus presents a major public health challenge, requiring new therapeutic approaches and preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"104267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Little is known about how subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics to which bacteria are resistant affect bacterial virulence. In this study, the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin on the virulence of E. coli O104:H4 was analyzed. Bacteria were pre-exposed to 0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 mg/mL of ampicillin in LB media and incubated for 4 h at 37 °C. Transformation capacity (using plasmids and PCR-amplified DNA sequences), swarming motility, biofilm production, curli formation, and virulence gene expression were determined. Ampicillin increased the transformation of E. coli O104:H4, with the highest number of transformants (>104 CFU/ng DNA; p ≤ 0.05) detected after exposure to DNA sequences of spectinomycin. In addition, bacteria pre-treated with 0.5 mg/mL of ampicillin exhibited higher swarming motility (7.6 cm, vs 6.0 cm for control; p ≤ 0.05) and biofilm production (up to 1.9-fold; p ≤ 0.05) when subsequently exposed to 0.1 and 0.3 mg/mL of antibiotic compared with the control. Also, significant overexpression of the virulence-related genes flhC (≤16.1-fold), fliA (≤22.1-fold), csgA (≤3.6-fold), csgD (≤9.1-fold), stx2a (≤32.2-fold), and the antibiotic resistance gene blaTEM-1 (≤5.5-fold) was observed. In conclusion, ampicillin-resistant E. coli O104:H4 increased the expression of its virulence factors when exposed to most subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin analyzed in this study.
{"title":"Exacerbation of virulence of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli O104:H4 by subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin.","authors":"Yaraymi Ortiz, Vianey Lechuga, Carolina Ortiz, Eduardo Palomino, Eduardo Franco, Norma Heredia, Santos García","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2025.104266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about how subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics to which bacteria are resistant affect bacterial virulence. In this study, the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin on the virulence of E. coli O104:H4 was analyzed. Bacteria were pre-exposed to 0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 mg/mL of ampicillin in LB media and incubated for 4 h at 37 °C. Transformation capacity (using plasmids and PCR-amplified DNA sequences), swarming motility, biofilm production, curli formation, and virulence gene expression were determined. Ampicillin increased the transformation of E. coli O104:H4, with the highest number of transformants (>10<sup>4</sup> CFU/ng DNA; p ≤ 0.05) detected after exposure to DNA sequences of spectinomycin. In addition, bacteria pre-treated with 0.5 mg/mL of ampicillin exhibited higher swarming motility (7.6 cm, vs 6.0 cm for control; p ≤ 0.05) and biofilm production (up to 1.9-fold; p ≤ 0.05) when subsequently exposed to 0.1 and 0.3 mg/mL of antibiotic compared with the control. Also, significant overexpression of the virulence-related genes flhC (≤16.1-fold), fliA (≤22.1-fold), csgA (≤3.6-fold), csgD (≤9.1-fold), stx2a (≤32.2-fold), and the antibiotic resistance gene blaTEM-1 (≤5.5-fold) was observed. In conclusion, ampicillin-resistant E. coli O104:H4 increased the expression of its virulence factors when exposed to most subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin analyzed in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"104266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104257
Pragati Mahur, Amit Kumar Singh, Jayaraman Muthukumaran, Monika Jain
Antibiotic resistance poses a global crisis fuelled by widespread antibiotic use, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae, a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections with high mortality rates. Urgent identification of effective drug targets is imperative, with a focus on metabolic pathways to inhibit bacterial growth. Targeting the crucial metabolic pathways of K. pneumoniae would be a more efficient way to prevent its growth and the diseases that it causes. The present study focused on inhibiting the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-acetylglucosamine transferase (MurG) enzyme, which is a key enzyme in peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway. A high throughput virtual screening was used to find possible lead molecules from Enamine -High-Throughput Screening Center library. The resulting high binding affinity ligands were further assessed for their drug-likeness and other pharmacokinetic properties. Based on these analyses, the three ligands Z95813755_1, Z324718246_1 and Z324718246_2 were selected for further molecular dynamic simulation studies. The molecular dynamic simulation results and MM/PBSA analysis predicted that both Z95813755_1 and Z324718246_2, molecules show higher binding affinity towards MurG. For the first time we are reporting potential candidate inhibitors against MurG from K. pneumoniae, providing new insights in management of multi drug resistant K. pneumoniae infections.
{"title":"Targeting MurG enzyme in Klebsiella pneumoniae: An in silico approach to novel antimicrobial discovery","authors":"Pragati Mahur, Amit Kumar Singh, Jayaraman Muthukumaran, Monika Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance poses a global crisis fuelled by widespread antibiotic use, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria like <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections with high mortality rates. Urgent identification of effective drug targets is imperative, with a focus on metabolic pathways to inhibit bacterial growth. Targeting the crucial metabolic pathways of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> would be a more efficient way to prevent its growth and the diseases that it causes. The present study focused on inhibiting the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol <em>N</em>-acetylglucosamine transferase (MurG) enzyme, which is a key enzyme in peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway. A high throughput virtual screening was used to find possible lead molecules from Enamine -High-Throughput Screening Center library. The resulting high binding affinity ligands were further assessed for their drug-likeness and other pharmacokinetic properties. Based on these analyses, the three ligands Z95813755_1, Z324718246_1 and Z324718246_2 were selected for further molecular dynamic simulation studies. The molecular dynamic simulation results and MM/PBSA analysis predicted that both Z95813755_1 and Z324718246_2, molecules show higher binding affinity towards MurG. For the first time we are reporting potential candidate inhibitors against MurG from <em>K. pneumoniae</em>, providing new insights in management of multi drug resistant <em>K. pneumoniae</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":"176 1","pages":"Article 104257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104250
Anyang Li , Chen Chen , Yanmei Li , Yanshuang Wang , Xuemiao Li , Qiao Zhu , Yue Zhang , Shen Tian , Qianfeng Xia
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a serious life-threatening pathogen. The rise in P. aeruginosa resistance rates has renewed interest in phages as an alternative therapeutic approach for treating bacterial infections. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the first Pseudomonas phage, vB_PaP_HN01, isolated from Hainan, the only tropical island in China. The lytic rate of this phage against P. aeruginosa reached 64.3 % (27/42). Under the optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1, more than 90 % of phage particles absorb onto the host cell within 10 min, with an eclipse period of around 15 min, and a high titer phage production (1011 PFU/ml) within 90 min was demonstrated. vB_PaP_HN01 maintains a robust titer after 1 h exposure to pH values and temperatures (up to 50 °C). Genome annotation revealed that vB_PaP_HN01 did not contain drug-resistance or lysogeny-associated genes. It can effectively inhibit the formation of biofilms of MDR P. aeruginosa and eliminated aggressive biofilms (removal rate about 70 %). In the in vivo infection models, it was demonstrated that the survival rate and lifespan of Galleria mellonella larvae were increased alongside the injection of vB_PaP_HN01. These data revealed the potential of vB_PaP_HN01 against P. aeruginosa in clinic.
{"title":"Characterisation of a new virulent phage isolated from Hainan Island with potential against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections","authors":"Anyang Li , Chen Chen , Yanmei Li , Yanshuang Wang , Xuemiao Li , Qiao Zhu , Yue Zhang , Shen Tian , Qianfeng Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> is a serious life-threatening pathogen. The rise in <em>P. aeruginosa</em> resistance rates has renewed interest in phages as an alternative therapeutic approach for treating bacterial infections. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the first <em>Pseudomonas</em> phage, vB_PaP_HN01, isolated from Hainan, the only tropical island in China. The lytic rate of this phage against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> reached 64.3 % (27/42). Under the optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1, more than 90 % of phage particles absorb onto the host cell within 10 min, with an eclipse period of around 15 min, and a high titer phage production (10<sup>11</sup> PFU/ml) within 90 min was demonstrated. vB_PaP_HN01 maintains a robust titer after 1 h exposure to pH values and temperatures (up to 50 °C). Genome annotation revealed that vB_PaP_HN01 did not contain drug-resistance or lysogeny-associated genes. It can effectively inhibit the formation of biofilms of MDR <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and eliminated aggressive biofilms (removal rate about 70 %). In the in vivo infection models, it was demonstrated that the survival rate and lifespan of <em>Galleria mellonella</em> larvae were increased alongside the injection of vB_PaP_HN01. These data revealed the potential of vB_PaP_HN01 against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> in clinic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":"176 1","pages":"Article 104250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104249
Chien-Jui Huang , Ellen Pauwelyn , Marc Ongena , Peter Bleyaert , Monica Höfte
Pseudomonas cichorii SF1-54, the causal agent of lettuce midrib rot disease, produces lipopeptides cichofactins and cichopeptins which are important virulence factors. The GacS/GacA two-component system is well known to regulate production of lipopeptides in pseudomonads. Additionally, the functions of the type three secretion system (T3SS) in P. cichorii-plant interactions are not clarified. In this study, we investigated the role of the GacS-regulated lipopeptides and the T3SS in pathogenicity of P. cichorii SF1-54 on two host plants, chicory and lettuce, by constructing mutants in hrpL, which encodes the key sigma factor to control T3SS expression, and gacS. Compared with the wildtype, the hrpL mutant produced lipopeptides at a similar level but the gacS mutant was strongly impaired in lipopeptide production. The mutant deficient in hrpL did not significantly differ from the wildtype in virulence on chicory and lettuce. The gacS mutant exhibited significantly less symptoms on both host plants compared to the wildtype and the hrpL mutant. Intriguingly, the gacS hrpL-double mutant no longer produced lipopeptides, lost virulence and showed impaired colonization on chicory, but was still weakly virulent on lettuce. Thus, contribution of both the GacS-regulated lipopeptides and T3SS to virulence of P. cichorii SF1-54 is host plant dependent.
{"title":"Both GacS-regulated lipopeptides and the type three secretion system contribute to Pseudomonas cichorii induced necrosis in lettuce and chicory","authors":"Chien-Jui Huang , Ellen Pauwelyn , Marc Ongena , Peter Bleyaert , Monica Höfte","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas cichorii</em> SF1-54, the causal agent of lettuce midrib rot disease, produces lipopeptides cichofactins and cichopeptins which are important virulence factors. The GacS/GacA two-component system is well known to regulate production of lipopeptides in pseudomonads. Additionally, the functions of the type three secretion system (T3SS) in <em>P. cichorii</em>-plant interactions are not clarified. In this study, we investigated the role of the GacS-regulated lipopeptides and the T3SS in pathogenicity of <em>P. cichorii</em> SF1-54 on two host plants, chicory and lettuce, by constructing mutants in <em>hrpL</em>, which encodes the key sigma factor to control T3SS expression, and <em>gacS</em>. Compared with the wildtype, the <em>hrpL</em> mutant produced lipopeptides at a similar level but the <em>gacS</em> mutant was strongly impaired in lipopeptide production. The mutant deficient in <em>hrpL</em> did not significantly differ from the wildtype in virulence on chicory and lettuce. The <em>gacS</em> mutant exhibited significantly less symptoms on both host plants compared to the wildtype and the <em>hrpL</em> mutant. Intriguingly, the <em>gacS hrpL</em>-double mutant no longer produced lipopeptides, lost virulence and showed impaired colonization on chicory, but was still weakly virulent on lettuce. Thus, contribution of both the GacS-regulated lipopeptides and T3SS to virulence of <em>P. cichorii</em> SF1-54 is host plant dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":"176 1","pages":"Article 104249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104261
Kateřina Snopková , Eva Chaloupková , Matěj Hrala , David Šmajs
Tailocins are nano-scale phage tail-like protein complexes that can mediate antagonistic interactions between closely related bacterial species. While the capacity to produce R-type tailocin was found widely across Gammaproteobacteria, the production of F-type tailocins seems comparatively rare. In this study, we examined the freshwater isolate, Pragia fontium 24613, which can produce both R- and F-type tailocins. We investigated their inhibition spectrum, focusing on clinically relevant enterobacteria, and identified the associated tailocin gene cluster. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that inactivation of the tape measure protein within the tailocin cluster disrupted R-tailocin production. Comparative analysis of Budviciaceae gene clusters showed high conservation of R-type tailocin genes, whereas F-type tailocin genes were found in only a few species, with little conservation. Our findings indicate a high prevalence of bacteriocin production among underexplored Enterobacteriales species. Detected tailocins showed potential as antimicrobials targeting clinically significant pathogens.
尾蛋白是纳米级的噬菌体尾部蛋白复合物，可介导密切相关的细菌物种之间的拮抗相互作用。虽然 R 型尾蛋白的产生能力广泛存在于伽马蛋白杆菌中，但 F 型尾蛋白的产生似乎相对罕见。在本研究中，我们研究了淡水分离物 Pragia fontium 24613，它既能产生 R 型尾丝菌素，也能产生 F 型尾丝菌素。我们研究了它们对临床相关肠杆菌的抑制谱，并确定了相关的尾丝菌素基因簇。透射电子显微镜证实，尾球菌素基因簇中的胶带测量蛋白失活会破坏 R 型尾球菌素的产生。对芽胞杆菌科基因簇的比较分析表明，R型尾丝菌素基因的保存率很高，而F型尾丝菌素基因仅在少数物种中发现，保存率很低。我们的研究结果表明，在未被充分开发的肠杆菌属菌株中，细菌素的产生率很高。检测到的尾丝菌素具有作为针对临床上重要病原体的抗菌素的潜力。
{"title":"Characterization of tailocins of Pragia fontium 24613 and the tailocin loci within the family Budviciaceae","authors":"Kateřina Snopková , Eva Chaloupková , Matěj Hrala , David Šmajs","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tailocins are nano-scale phage tail-like protein complexes that can mediate antagonistic interactions between closely related bacterial species. While the capacity to produce R-type tailocin was found widely across Gammaproteobacteria, the production of F-type tailocins seems comparatively rare. In this study, we examined the freshwater isolate, <em>Pragia fontium</em> 24613, which can produce both R- and F-type tailocins. We investigated their inhibition spectrum, focusing on clinically relevant enterobacteria, and identified the associated tailocin gene cluster. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that inactivation of the tape measure protein within the tailocin cluster disrupted R-tailocin production. Comparative analysis of <em>Budviciaceae</em> gene clusters showed high conservation of R-type tailocin genes, whereas F-type tailocin genes were found in only a few species, with little conservation. Our findings indicate a high prevalence of bacteriocin production among underexplored Enterobacteriales species. Detected tailocins showed potential as antimicrobials targeting clinically significant pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":"176 1","pages":"Article 104261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104259
Antoine Dampierre , Sandra Legout , Emmanuel Drouin
The article presents an analysis of the history of the microbiology course delivered during the inaugural operational year of the Institut Pasteur in Paris. The year 1889 is examined through the lens of three hitherto unknown volumes that bring together the microbiology lectures delivered at the end of the 19th century.
The course was entirely independent from the teaching provided by the universities or faculties of medicine and rapidly gained international recognition. Indeed, the course provided the students with the theoretical knowledge of Pasteurian theories regarding the completely new discipline of microbiology and the specific techniques used to cultivate, conserve, and observe microbes. The steady increase in the number of lectures between 1889 and 1914 reflects the expansion of microbiological knowledge during this period. The contributions of researchers such as Émile Roux (1853–1933), Élie Metchnikoff (1845–1916), and Amédée Borrel (1867–1936) illuminated the collaboration and the growing diversification of expertise at the heart of the Institut Pasteur (IP).
Furthermore, this study highlights the international influence of the course, as evidenced by the participation of foreign students. It examines the history of the course as a powerful tool for disseminating knowledge of new microbiological techniques and the results of research carried out in Pasteur's laboratories. It also examines how the course served as a political instrument, asserting the authority of the Institut Pasteur in the field of microbiology in France and extending its influence worldwide.
{"title":"The roots of the Institut Pasteur's “Grand Cours”","authors":"Antoine Dampierre , Sandra Legout , Emmanuel Drouin","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article presents an analysis of the history of the microbiology course delivered during the inaugural operational year of the Institut Pasteur in Paris. The year 1889 is examined through the lens of three hitherto unknown volumes that bring together the microbiology lectures delivered at the end of the 19th century.</div><div>The course was entirely independent from the teaching provided by the universities or faculties of medicine and rapidly gained international recognition. Indeed, the course provided the students with the theoretical knowledge of Pasteurian theories regarding the completely new discipline of microbiology and the specific techniques used to cultivate, conserve, and observe microbes. The steady increase in the number of lectures between 1889 and 1914 reflects the expansion of microbiological knowledge during this period. The contributions of researchers such as Émile Roux (1853–1933), Élie Metchnikoff (1845–1916), and Amédée Borrel (1867–1936) illuminated the collaboration and the growing diversification of expertise at the heart of the Institut Pasteur (IP).</div><div>Furthermore, this study highlights the international influence of the course, as evidenced by the participation of foreign students. It examines the history of the course as a powerful tool for disseminating knowledge of new microbiological techniques and the results of research carried out in Pasteur's laboratories. It also examines how the course served as a political instrument, asserting the authority of the Institut Pasteur in the field of microbiology in France and extending its influence worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":"176 1","pages":"Article 104259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104248
Laura Ripe-Jaime , Erika Díaz , Ángel G. Franco , Catherine Keim , Daniela Burgos , Valeria Pizarro , Luis F. Cadavid , Anny Cárdenas , Catalina Arévalo-Ferro
Coral diseases contribute to the worldwide loss of coral reefs, with the Black Band Disease (BBD) being a prominent example. BBD is an infectious condition with lesions with a pigmented mat composed of cyanobacteria, sulphate-reducing, sulphide-oxidizing, and heterotrophic bacteria. We compared the heterotrophic bacterial communities of healthy and BBD-affected colonies of the Caribbean coral Orbicella faveolata using culture-dependent and -independent techniques. Twenty and 23 bacterial isolates were identified from healthy and diseased tissues, respectively, which differed in their capacities to metabolize carbohydrates and citrate, either anaerobically or aerobically. They also differed in their quorum-sensing (QS) activity, as QS signaling molecules were found exclusively, and QS-inhibition was found primarily, in isolates from diseased tissues. Screening of bacterial diversity by 16SrDNA metabarcoding showed that members of the bacterial genera Muricauda and Maritimimonas were dominant in healthy tissues whereas members of the cyanobacterial genus Roseofilum were dominant in diseased tissues. These results suggest that bacterial dysbiosis can be linked with altered bacterial communication, likely leading to diachrony and imbalance that may participate in the progression of BBD. Investigating physiological traits and QS-based communication offers insights into the onset and progression of coral infections, paving the way for novel strategies to mitigate their impact.
{"title":"Metabolic complexities and heterogeneity in quorum sensing signaling molecules in bacteria isolated from black band disease in a Caribbean coral","authors":"Laura Ripe-Jaime , Erika Díaz , Ángel G. Franco , Catherine Keim , Daniela Burgos , Valeria Pizarro , Luis F. Cadavid , Anny Cárdenas , Catalina Arévalo-Ferro","doi":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coral diseases contribute to the worldwide loss of coral reefs, with the Black Band Disease (BBD) being a prominent example. BBD is an infectious condition with lesions with a pigmented mat composed of cyanobacteria, sulphate-reducing, sulphide-oxidizing, and heterotrophic bacteria. We compared the heterotrophic bacterial communities of healthy and BBD-affected colonies of the Caribbean coral <em>Orbicella faveolat</em><em>a</em> using culture-dependent and -independent techniques. Twenty and 23 bacterial isolates were identified from healthy and diseased tissues, respectively, which differed in their capacities to metabolize carbohydrates and citrate, either anaerobically or aerobically. They also differed in their quorum-sensing (QS) activity, as QS signaling molecules were found exclusively, and QS-inhibition was found primarily, in isolates from diseased tissues. Screening of bacterial diversity by 16SrDNA metabarcoding showed that members of the bacterial genera <em>Muricauda</em> and <em>Maritimimonas</em> were dominant in healthy tissues whereas members of the cyanobacterial genus <em>Roseofilum</em> were dominant in diseased tissues. These results suggest that bacterial dysbiosis can be linked with altered bacterial communication, likely leading to diachrony and imbalance that may participate in the progression of BBD. Investigating physiological traits and QS-based communication offers insights into the onset and progression of coral infections, paving the way for novel strategies to mitigate their impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21098,"journal":{"name":"Research in microbiology","volume":"176 1","pages":"Article 104248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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