Eye movements and the perceptual span in disordered reading: A comparison of schizophrenia and dyslexia

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Schizophrenia Research-Cognition Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI:10.1016/j.scog.2023.100289
Veronica Whitford , Narissa Byers , Gillian A. O'Driscoll , Debra Titone
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Abstract

Increasing evidence of a common neurodevelopmental etiology between schizophrenia and developmental dyslexia suggests that neurocognitive functions, such as reading, may be similarly disrupted. However, direct comparisons of reading performance in these disorders have yet to be conducted. To address this gap in the literature, we employed a gaze-contingent moving window paradigm to examine sentence-level reading fluency and perceptual span (breadth of parafoveal processing) in adults with schizophrenia (dataset from Whitford et al., 2013) and psychiatrically healthy adults with dyslexia (newly collected dataset). We found that the schizophrenia and dyslexia groups exhibited similar reductions in sentence-level reading fluency (e.g., slower reading rates, more regressions) compared to matched controls. Similar reductions were also found for standardized language/reading and executive functioning measures. However, despite these reductions, the dyslexia group exhibited a larger perceptual span (greater parafoveal processing) than the schizophrenia group, potentially reflecting a disruption in normal foveal-parafoveal processing dynamics. Taken together, our findings suggest that reading and reading-related functions are largely similarly disrupted in schizophrenia and dyslexia, providing additional support for a common neurodevelopmental etiology.

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阅读障碍中的眼动与知觉广度:精神分裂症和阅读障碍的比较
越来越多的证据表明,精神分裂症和发育性阅读障碍之间存在一种常见的神经发育病因,这表明神经认知功能,如阅读,也可能受到类似的干扰。然而,尚未对这些障碍的阅读表现进行直接比较。为了填补文献中的这一空白,我们采用了一种基于凝视的移动窗口范式来检查患有精神分裂症的成年人(数据集来自Whitford et al.,2013)和患有阅读障碍的精神健康成年人(新收集的数据集)的句子级阅读流畅性和感知广度(副心加工的广度)。我们发现,与匹配的对照组相比,精神分裂症和阅读障碍组在句子水平的阅读流利性方面表现出类似的下降(例如,阅读速度较慢,退步较多)。标准化语言/阅读和行政职能措施也出现了类似的减少。然而,尽管有这些减少,阅读障碍组比精神分裂症组表现出更大的感知跨度(更大的中央凹旁加工),这可能反映了正常中央凹旁处理动力学的中断。总之,我们的研究结果表明,在精神分裂症和阅读障碍中,阅读和阅读相关功能在很大程度上受到了类似的破坏,这为一种常见的神经发育病因提供了额外的支持。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
10.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
67 days
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