Plasma pharmacokinetics of tigolaner, emodepside, and praziquantel following topical administration of a combination product (Felpreva®) and of intravenous administration of the individual active ingredients in cats

Norbert Mencke , Wolfgang Bäumer , Kristine Fraatz , Ralph Krebber , Marc Schneider , Katrin Blazejak
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Abstract

Felpreva® for cats contains the new acaricidal/insecticidal active ingredient tigolaner in a fixed combination with the nematocidal and cestocidal compounds emodepside and praziquantel, respectively. The plasma pharmacokinetics of tigolaner, emodepside, and praziquantel were evaluated in clinically healthy cats following topical (spot-on) treatment as fixed combination Felpreva®. For the determination of bioavailability intravenous administration of single active ingredients was also performed. After a single topical administration of Felpreva® using the target dose volume of 0.148 ​ml/kg to cats, tigolaner reached mean peak concentrations of 1352 ​μg/l with a Tmax of 12 days and a mean half-life of 24 days. Simulation of repetitive topical administration every 91 days indicates only a low risk of accumulation after reaching steady state within two to three administrations. The volume of distribution calculated after intravenous dosing was 4 ​l/kg and plasma clearance was low with 0.005 ​l/h/kg. Overall plasma exposure was 1566 ​mg∗h/l after topical administration, providing an absolute bioavailability of 57%. Tigolaner was mainly cleared via the faeces (54% within 28 days), renal clearance was neglectable (< 0.5% within 28 days). Emodepside and praziquantel showed mean peak concentrations of 44 ​μg/l and 48 ​μg/l (reached after 1.5 days and 5 ​h, respectively). Overall plasma exposures were 20.6 and 3.69 ​mg∗h/l, respectively. The elimination half-life was 14.5 days for emodepside and 10 days for praziquantel after topical administration. After topical administration of Felpreva® using 2.5× and 5× dose multiples an almost proportional increase of plasma exposure was observed for all three active ingredients. With the addition of tigolaner, Felpreva® combines the established pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of emodepside and praziquantel contained in Profender® spot-on for cats with the favourable PK of tigolaner suitable for a 3-months protection against fleas and ticks.

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局部给药组合产品(Felpreva®)和单独活性成分静脉给药后替戈兰那、emodepside和吡喹酮在猫体内的血浆药代动力学
猫用Felpreva®含有新的杀螨/杀虫活性成分替戈兰,分别与杀线虫剂和杀螨剂化合物依莫地肽和吡喹酮固定组合。在作为固定组合Felpreva®进行局部(现场)治疗后,对临床健康猫的替戈拉纳、依莫地肽和吡喹酮的血浆药代动力学进行了评估。为了测定生物利用度,还进行了单一活性成分的静脉给药。使用0.148的目标剂量体积单次局部给药Felpreva®后​对猫来说,替戈拉纳达到了1352的平均峰值浓度​μg/l,Tmax为12天,平均半衰期为24天。模拟每91天重复局部给药表明,在两到三次给药内达到稳定状态后,积聚的风险很低。静脉给药后计算的分布体积为4​l/kg,血浆清除率低至0.005​l/h/kg。总的血浆暴露量为1566​局部给药后,提供57%的绝对生物利用度。提戈拉纳主要通过粪便清除(28天内清除54%),肾脏清除率可忽略不计(28天以内<0.5%)。埃莫迪肽和吡喹酮的平均峰值浓度为44​μg/l和48​μg/l(1.5天后和5天后达到​h、 分别)。总体血浆暴露量分别为20.6和3.69​毫克*小时/升。局部给药后,依莫司肽和吡喹酮的消除半衰期分别为14.5天和10天。使用2.5倍和5倍剂量倍数局部给药Felpreva®后,观察到所有三种活性成分的血浆暴露量几乎成比例增加。通过添加替戈拉纳,Felpreva®结合了Profender®斑点猫中所含的依莫司肽和吡喹酮的既定药代动力学(PK)特征,以及适用于3个月防跳蚤和蜱虫的替戈拉内的良好PK。
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