The advent of epilepsy directed neurosurgery: The early pioneers and who was first.

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-18 DOI:10.1080/0964704X.2023.2207598
Ian Bone, James L Stone
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Abstract

Efforts to treat epileptic seizures likely date back to primitive, manmade skull openings or trephinations at the site of previous scalp or skull injuries. The purpose may have been the release of "evil spirits," removal of "cerebral excitement," and "restoral of bodily and intellectual functions." With progressive discoveries in brain function over the past 100 to 300 years, the cerebral cortical locations enabling voluntary movements, sensation, and speech have been well delineated. The locations of these functions have become surgical targets for the amelioration of disease processes. Disease entities in particular cerebral-cortical areas may predispose to the onset of focal and or generalized seizures, which secondarily interfere with normal cortical functioning. Modern neuroimaging and electroencephalography usually delineate the location of seizures and often the type of structural pathology. If noneloquent brain regions are involved, open surgical biopsy or removal of only abnormal tissue may be undertaken successfully. A number of the early neurosurgical pioneers in the development of epilepsy surgery are credited and discussed in this article.

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癫痫定向神经外科的出现:早期的先驱和谁是第一位。
治疗癫痫发作的努力可能可以追溯到原始的、人造的颅骨开口或先前头皮或颅骨损伤部位的钻孔。其目的可能是释放“恶灵”,消除“大脑兴奋”,以及“恢复身体和智力功能”。在过去的100到300年里,随着大脑功能的不断发现,大脑皮层能够自主运动、感觉和说话的位置已经被很好地描绘出来。这些功能的位置已经成为改善疾病过程的外科目标。疾病实体,特别是大脑皮层区域,可能容易发生局灶性和/或全身性癫痫发作,这会间接干扰正常的皮层功能。现代神经影像学和脑电图通常描述癫痫发作的位置,通常还描述结构病理的类型。如果涉及非大脑区域,则可以成功地进行开放式手术活检或仅切除异常组织。本文对癫痫外科发展中的一些早期神经外科先驱进行了赞扬和讨论。
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来源期刊
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences 社会科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
20.00%
发文量
55
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the History of the Neurosciences is the leading communication platform dealing with the historical roots of the basic and applied neurosciences. Its domains cover historical perspectives and developments, including biographical studies, disorders, institutions, documents, and instrumentation in neurology, neurosurgery, neuropsychiatry, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropsychology, and the behavioral neurosciences. The history of ideas, changes in society and medicine, and the connections with other disciplines (e.g., the arts, philosophy, psychology) are welcome. In addition to original, full-length papers, the journal welcomes informative short communications, letters to the editors, book reviews, and contributions to its NeuroWords and Neurognostics columns. All manuscripts are subject to initial appraisal by an Editor, and, if found suitable for further consideration, full- and short-length papers are subject to peer review (double blind, if requested) by at least 2 anonymous referees.
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