F Foglia, M T Della Rocca, C Melardo, B M Nastri, M Manfredini, F Montella, A De Filippis, E Finamore, Massimiliano Galdiero
{"title":"Bloodstream infections and antibiotic resistance patterns: a six-year surveillance study from southern Italy.","authors":"F Foglia, M T Della Rocca, C Melardo, B M Nastri, M Manfredini, F Montella, A De Filippis, E Finamore, Massimiliano Galdiero","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2022.2129161","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bloodstream infections (BSI) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of BSI and antimicrobial resistance patterns amongst its common bacterial causes. We conducted a retrospective record review of blood culture results of patients hospitalized with BSI at University Hospital 'L. Vanvitelli' from 2016 to 2021. For each patient records were obtained from the database using microbiological information. Gram-positive bacteria were the most predominant pathogens followed by Gram-negative bacteria. Among all isolates, bacterial pathogens most frequently identified included coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> (CoNS), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and enterococci. We noted a general decrease in antimicrobial resistance amongst BSI pathogens in the latter years of the study. High levels of macrolide and aminoglycoside resistance amongst CoNS were reported. Carbapenem resistance amongst <i>E. coli</i> was barely reported, while resistance rates amongst <i>K. pneumoniae</i> declined considerably between 2018 and 2021. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> decreased during the study period while that of methicillin-resistant CoNS remained relatively high throughout. The prevalence of extended spectrum ß-lactamase - producing <i>E. coli</i> increased considerably between 2016 and 2018 but showed a slight decrease thereafter. Conversely, there was a general decline in the resistant rates of extended spectrum ß-lactamase - producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> between 2016 and 2018 with a similar trend being noted for carbapenem resistance in <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. Continuously monitoring the changes in the trends in BSI microbiological profiles, including pathogen profiles and the associated antibiotic resistance patterns, can help diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies and prevention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":"117 4","pages":"381-391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10177691/pdf/YPGH_117_2129161.pdf","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pathogens and Global Health","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2022.2129161","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/10/3 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Abstract
Bloodstream infections (BSI) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of BSI and antimicrobial resistance patterns amongst its common bacterial causes. We conducted a retrospective record review of blood culture results of patients hospitalized with BSI at University Hospital 'L. Vanvitelli' from 2016 to 2021. For each patient records were obtained from the database using microbiological information. Gram-positive bacteria were the most predominant pathogens followed by Gram-negative bacteria. Among all isolates, bacterial pathogens most frequently identified included coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and enterococci. We noted a general decrease in antimicrobial resistance amongst BSI pathogens in the latter years of the study. High levels of macrolide and aminoglycoside resistance amongst CoNS were reported. Carbapenem resistance amongst E. coli was barely reported, while resistance rates amongst K. pneumoniae declined considerably between 2018 and 2021. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus decreased during the study period while that of methicillin-resistant CoNS remained relatively high throughout. The prevalence of extended spectrum ß-lactamase - producing E. coli increased considerably between 2016 and 2018 but showed a slight decrease thereafter. Conversely, there was a general decline in the resistant rates of extended spectrum ß-lactamase - producing K. pneumoniae between 2016 and 2018 with a similar trend being noted for carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae. Continuously monitoring the changes in the trends in BSI microbiological profiles, including pathogen profiles and the associated antibiotic resistance patterns, can help diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies and prevention programs.
期刊介绍:
Pathogens and Global Health is a journal of infectious disease and public health that focuses on the translation of molecular, immunological, genomics and epidemiological knowledge into control measures for global health threat. The journal publishes original innovative research papers, reviews articles and interviews policy makers and opinion leaders on health subjects of international relevance. It provides a forum for scientific, ethical and political discussion of new innovative solutions for controlling and eradicating infectious diseases, with particular emphasis on those diseases affecting the poorest regions of the world.