Lethal and Sub-lethal Implications of Sodium Chloride Exposure for Adult Unionid Mussel Species: Eurynia dilatata and Lasmigona costata

IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI:10.1007/s00244-023-01006-0
Erika A. Burton, Brian Atkinson, Joseph Salerno, Hufsa N. Khan, Ryan S. Prosser, Patricia L. Gillis
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Abstract

The elevated use of salt as a de-icing agent on roads in Canada is causing an increase in the chloride concentration of freshwater ecosystems. Freshwater Unionid mussels are a group of organisms that are sensitive to increases in chloride levels. Unionids have greater diversity in North America than anywhere else on Earth, but they are also one of the most imperiled groups of organisms. This underscores the importance of understanding the effect that increasing salt exposure has on these threatened species. There are more data on the acute toxicity of chloride to Unionids than on chronic toxicity. This study investigated the effect of chronic sodium chloride exposure on the survival and filtering activity of two Unionid species (Eurynia dilatata, and Lasmigona costata) and assessed the effect on the metabolome in L. costata hemolymph. The concentration causing mortality after 28 days of exposure was similar for E. dilatata (1893 mg Cl/L) and L. costata (1903 mg Cl/L). Significant changes in the metabolome of the L. costata hemolymph were observed for mussels exposed to non-lethal concentrations. For example, several phosphatidylethanolamines, several hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, pyropheophorbide-a, and alpha-linolenic acid were significantly upregulated in the hemolymph of mussels exposed to 1000 mg Cl/L for 28 days. While no mortality occurred in the treatment, elevated metabolites in the hemolymph are an indicator of stress.

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氯化钠暴露对成年Unionid Mussel物种的致死和亚致死影响:膨胀Eurynia experipta和Lasmigona costaa
加拿大道路上越来越多地使用盐作为除冰剂,导致淡水生态系统的氯化物浓度增加。淡水Unionid贻贝是一组对氯化物含量增加敏感的生物。Unionids在北美的多样性比地球上其他任何地方都大,但它们也是最危险的生物群之一。这强调了了解盐暴露量增加对这些受威胁物种的影响的重要性。关于氯化物对Unionids的急性毒性的数据比关于慢性毒性的数据更多。本研究研究了慢性氯化钠暴露对两种Unionid物种(剪叶Eurynia experimata和肋肋肋肋蠊Lasmigona costata)生存和过滤活性的影响,并评估了对肋肋肋球虫血淋巴代谢组的影响。暴露28天后导致死亡的浓度与剪叶E.sberipta(1893 mg Cl−/L)和肋肋藻(1903 mg Cl−/L.)相似。在暴露于非致死浓度的贻贝中,观察到肋乳杆菌血淋巴的代谢组发生了显著变化。例如,在暴露于1000 mg Cl−/L 28天的贻贝的血淋巴中,几种磷脂酰乙醇胺、几种羟基二十碳四烯酸、焦脱镁酸-a和α-亚麻酸显著上调。虽然在治疗中没有发生死亡,但血淋巴中代谢产物的升高是压力的一个指标。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.50%
发文量
63
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology provides a place for the publication of timely, detailed, and definitive scientific studies pertaining to the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. The journal will consider submissions dealing with new analytical and toxicological techniques that advance our understanding of the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. AECT will now consider mini-reviews (where length including references is less than 5,000 words), which highlight case studies, a geographic topic of interest, or a timely subject of debate. AECT will also consider Special Issues on subjects of broad interest. The journal strongly encourages authors to ensure that their submission places a strong emphasis on ecosystem processes; submissions limited to technical aspects of such areas as toxicity testing for single chemicals, wastewater effluent characterization, human occupation exposure, or agricultural phytotoxicity are unlikely to be considered.
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