Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Cyclosporine for Ophthalmic Indications by Novel Carrier Systems.

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022043085

Garima Rawat, Shital Kolhe, Dhwani Rana, Sagar Salave, Derajram Benival

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Cyclosporine (CsA) stays the most intangible molecule holding a good history for treating several ophthalmic conditions and it even attributes to multiple off-label uses. Topical delivery of CsA is the most preferred route but owing to the molecule's physicochemical properties such as poor aqueous solubility and high molecular weight as well as its encounter with multiple barriers of eye causes hindrance for proper delivery of the molecule to the site of action. However, Restasis®, Cequa®, and Verkazia® are the marketed formulations that have been approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, whereas Cyclokat® and Ikervis® by the European Medicines Agency. Although these medications are in use, they are associated with severe discomfort and poor patient compliance. This review gives an overview regarding current formulations available in the market, the products in pipeline and the recent advances undertaken for improving ocular delivery of CsA for various ophthalmic indications.

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利用新型载体系统探索环孢素治疗眼科适应症的潜力。

环孢素(CsA)一直是最无形的分子，在治疗几种眼科疾病方面有着良好的历史，它甚至被归为多种标签外用途。局部给药CsA是最优选的途径，但由于分子的物理化学性质，如水溶性差和高分子量，以及遇到多重眼屏障，导致分子无法正确递送到作用部位。然而，Restasis®，Cequa®和Verkazia®是已获美国食品和药物管理局批准的上市制剂，而Cyclokat®和Ikervis®则是由欧洲药品管理局批准的。虽然这些药物正在使用，但它们与严重不适和患者依从性差有关。这篇综述概述了目前市场上可用的配方、正在开发的产品以及最近为改善针对各种眼科适应症的CsA眼部输送所进行的进展。

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来源期刊

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems 医学-药学

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

18.50%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Therapeutic uses of a variety of drug carrier systems have significant impact on the treatment and potential cure of many chronic diseases, including cancer, diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, parkinsons, Alzheimer, rheumatoid arthritis, HIV infection, infectious diseases, asthma, and drug addiction. Scientific efforts in these areas are multidisciplinary, involving the physical, biological, medical, pharmaceutical, biological materials, and engineering fields. Articles concerning this field appear in a wide variety of journals. With the vast increase in the number of articles and the tendency to fragment science, it becomes increasingly difficult to keep abreast of the literature and to sort out and evaluate the importance and reliability of the data, especially when proprietary considerations are involved. Abstracts and noncritical articles often do not provide a sufficiently reliable basis for proper assessment of a given field without the additional perusal of the original literature. This journal bridges this gap by publishing authoritative, objective, comprehensive multidisciplinary critical review papers with emphasis on formulation and delivery systems. Both invited and contributed articles are subject to peer review.