Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems最新文献

Enhancing Microemulsion based Therapeutic Drug Delivery: Exploring Surfactants, Co-surfactants, and Quality by Design Strategies within Pseudo-ternary Phase Diagrams 增强基于微乳液的治疗性给药：探索伪三元相图中的表面活性剂、辅助表面活性剂和质量设计策略

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024053427

Abhishek Bamanna, Anjali Rajora, Kalpana Nagpal

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, clear and homogeneous mixtures of oil, water, and surfactants that have garnered significant attention in various industrial and biomedical applications. The basic components of microemulsions are oil, water, and surfactant, and their composition ratios play a crucial role in determining their properties and stability. Factors such as the type of surfactant, oil, and water used, temperature, and the presence of cosurfactants can greatly influence the formation, stability and properties of microemulsions. These are appropriate for use in drug delivery applications because to their physicochemical characteristics, which include small droplet size, large interfacial area, and good solubilization capacity for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs with significant improvement in their biological activity. The theories of microemulsion and the role of phase diagrams in microemulsion formation and various components for choice of surfactant and co-surfactant are explained. Recent advancements in the preparation and characterization techniques of microemulsion, ranging from visual inspection to the phase behaviour studies and advanced spectroscopic techniques, with a focus on potential of microemulsion in drug delivery along with microemulsion-based drug candidates that are most commonly used for its formulation are also discussed. The review helps in understanding how different excipients affect the release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The quality by design approach utilized for optimization of microemulsions is also discussed.

微乳剂是一种热力学稳定、透明且均匀的油、水和表面活性剂混合物，在各种工业和生物医学应用中备受关注。微乳液的基本成分是油、水和表面活性剂，它们的组成比例在决定微乳液的性质和稳定性方面起着至关重要的作用。所使用的表面活性剂、油和水的类型、温度以及共表面活性剂的存在等因素会极大地影响微乳剂的形成、稳定性和特性。微乳剂的理化特性包括液滴体积小、界面面积大、对亲水性和疏水性药物均有良好的溶解能力，可显著提高药物的生物活性，因此适合用于药物输送。本文阐述了微乳液的理论、相图在微乳液形成中的作用以及选择表面活性剂和助表面活性剂的各种因素。此外，还讨论了微乳液制备和表征技术的最新进展，包括从目视检查到相行为研究和先进的光谱技术，重点介绍了微乳液在给药方面的潜力，以及最常用于制剂的基于微乳液的候选药物。该综述有助于了解不同辅料如何影响活性药物成分的释放。此外，还讨论了用于优化微乳剂的质量设计方法。

{"title":"Enhancing Microemulsion based Therapeutic Drug Delivery: Exploring Surfactants, Co-surfactants, and Quality by Design Strategies within Pseudo-ternary Phase Diagrams","authors":"Abhishek Bamanna, Anjali Rajora, Kalpana Nagpal","doi":"10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024053427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024053427","url":null,"abstract":"Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, clear and homogeneous mixtures of oil, water, and surfactants that have garnered significant attention in various industrial and biomedical applications. The basic components of microemulsions are oil, water, and surfactant, and their composition ratios play a crucial role in determining their properties and stability. Factors such as the type of surfactant, oil, and water used, temperature, and the presence of cosurfactants can greatly influence the formation, stability and properties of microemulsions. These are appropriate for use in drug delivery applications because to their physicochemical characteristics, which include small droplet size, large interfacial area, and good solubilization capacity for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs with significant improvement in their biological activity. The theories of microemulsion and the role of phase diagrams in microemulsion formation and various components for choice of surfactant and co-surfactant are explained. Recent advancements in the preparation and characterization techniques of microemulsion, ranging from visual inspection to the phase behaviour studies and advanced spectroscopic techniques, with a focus on potential of microemulsion in drug delivery along with microemulsion-based drug candidates that are most commonly used for its formulation are also discussed. The review helps in understanding how different excipients affect the release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The quality by design approach utilized for optimization of microemulsions is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142222521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY TOOLS FOR BETTER PERMEATION AND SKIN CANCER TREATMENT 新型给药工具，提高渗透性和皮肤癌治疗效果

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024047670

Kajal Chaudhary, Anjali Rajora

Skin cancer stands as a challenging global health concern, necessitating innovative approaches to cure deficiencies within traditional therapeutic modalities. While conventional drug delivery methods through injection or oral administration have long prevailed, the emergence of topical drug administration presents a compelling alternative. The skin, aside from offering a swift and painless procedure, serves as a reservoir, maintaining drug efficacy over extended durations. This comprehensive review seeks to shed light on the potential of nanotechnology as a promising avenue for efficacious cancer treatment, with a particular emphasis on skin cancer. Additionally, it underscores the transdermal approach as a viable strategy for addressing various types of cancer. This work also explores into the delivery of peptides and proteins along with in-depth explanations of different delivery systems currently under investigation for localized skin cancer treatment. Furthermore, the review discusses the formidable challenges that must be surmounted before these innovations can find their way into clinical practice, offering a roadmap for future research and therapeutic development.

皮肤癌是一个具有挑战性的全球健康问题，需要采用创新方法来治疗传统治疗方法的不足。长期以来，传统的注射或口服给药方法一直占主导地位，而外用给药方法的出现则提供了一种令人信服的替代方法。皮肤不仅可以提供快速、无痛的治疗过程，还可以作为药物的储存库，在较长的时间内保持药效。本综述旨在阐明纳米技术作为一种有效治疗癌症的途径所具有的潜力，尤其侧重于皮肤癌。此外，它还强调透皮疗法是治疗各类癌症的可行策略。这部著作还探讨了多肽和蛋白质的输送，并深入解释了目前正在研究的用于局部皮肤癌治疗的不同输送系统。此外，该综述还讨论了在这些创新进入临床实践之前必须克服的严峻挑战，为未来的研究和治疗开发提供了路线图。

{"title":"NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY TOOLS FOR BETTER PERMEATION AND SKIN CANCER TREATMENT","authors":"Kajal Chaudhary, Anjali Rajora","doi":"10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024047670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024047670","url":null,"abstract":"Skin cancer stands as a challenging global health concern, necessitating innovative approaches to cure deficiencies within traditional therapeutic modalities. While conventional drug delivery methods through injection or oral administration have long prevailed, the emergence of topical drug administration presents a compelling alternative. The skin, aside from offering a swift and painless procedure, serves as a reservoir, maintaining drug efficacy over extended durations. This comprehensive review seeks to shed light on the potential of nanotechnology as a promising avenue for efficacious cancer treatment, with a particular emphasis on skin cancer. Additionally, it underscores the transdermal approach as a viable strategy for addressing various types of cancer. This work also explores into the delivery of peptides and proteins along with in-depth explanations of different delivery systems currently under investigation for localized skin cancer treatment. Furthermore, the review discusses the formidable challenges that must be surmounted before these innovations can find their way into clinical practice, offering a roadmap for future research and therapeutic development.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanobiocatalysts and Nanozymes: Enzyme-Inspired Nanomaterials for Industrial and Biomedical Applications 纳米生物催化剂和纳米酶：用于工业和生物医学应用的酶启发纳米材料

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024051171

Sarika Gupta, Meenu Kumari, Koyel Panja, Priyanka Bajaj, Kalpana Nagpal

Enzymes play a pivotal role in the human body, but their potential is not limited to just that. Scientists have successfully modified these enzymes as nanobiocatalysts or nanozymes for industrial or commercial use, either in the food, medicine, biotech, or even textile industries. These nanobiocatalysts and nanozymes offer several advantages over enzymes, like better stability, improved shelf-life, increased percentage yield, and reuse potential, which is very difficult with normal enzymes. The various techniques of NBC synthesis using immobilization techniques like adsorption, covalent binding, affinity immobilization, and entrapment methods are briefly discussed. The enzymes are either entrapped or adsorbed on the nanocarrier matrices, which can be nanofibers, nanoporous carriers, or nanocontainers as nanobiocatalysts. We also highlight the challenges the nanobiocatalyst overcomes in the industrial production of some drugs like sitagliptin, montelukast, pregabalin, and atorvastatin. Also, the inactivation of an organophosphate or opioid poisoning treating agent, SSOPOX nanohybrid, is discussed in this paper. Nanozymes are intrinsic enzyme-like compounds, and they also show wide application in themselves. Their GQD/AGNP nanohybrid shows antibacterial potential; they can also be utilized in optical sensing to detect small molecules, ions, nucleic acids, proteins, and cancer cells. In this paper, various applications of these NBCs have been discussed, and their potential applications with examples are also mentioned.

酶在人体中发挥着举足轻重的作用，但其潜力并不仅限于此。科学家们已经成功地将这些酶改造成纳米生物催化剂或纳米酶，用于食品、医药、生物技术甚至纺织工业等工业或商业用途。与酶相比，这些纳米生物催化剂和纳米酶具有一些优势，如稳定性更好、保质期更长、产量百分比更高以及具有重复使用的潜力，而这是普通酶很难做到的。本文简要讨论了利用吸附、共价结合、亲和固定和夹持等固定化技术合成 NBC 的各种技术。酶被夹带或吸附在纳米载体基质上，纳米载体可以是纳米纤维、纳米多孔载体或纳米容器，作为纳米生物催化剂。我们还重点介绍了纳米生物催化剂在西格列汀、孟鲁司特、普瑞巴林和阿托伐他汀等药物的工业化生产中所克服的挑战。此外，本文还讨论了有机磷或阿片类中毒治疗药物 SSOPOX 纳米混合体的灭活问题。纳米酶是一种固有的类酶化合物，其本身也具有广泛的应用前景。其 GQD/AGNP 纳米杂化物具有抗菌潜力，还可用于光学传感，检测小分子、离子、核酸、蛋白质和癌细胞。本文讨论了这些 NBC 的各种应用，并举例说明了它们的潜在应用。

{"title":"Nanobiocatalysts and Nanozymes: Enzyme-Inspired Nanomaterials for Industrial and Biomedical Applications","authors":"Sarika Gupta, Meenu Kumari, Koyel Panja, Priyanka Bajaj, Kalpana Nagpal","doi":"10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024051171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024051171","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymes play a pivotal role in the human body, but their potential is not limited to just that. Scientists have successfully modified these enzymes as nanobiocatalysts or nanozymes for industrial or commercial use, either in the food, medicine, biotech, or even textile industries. These nanobiocatalysts and nanozymes offer several advantages over enzymes, like better stability, improved shelf-life, increased percentage yield, and reuse potential, which is very difficult with normal enzymes. The various techniques of NBC synthesis using immobilization techniques like adsorption, covalent binding, affinity immobilization, and entrapment methods are briefly discussed. The enzymes are either entrapped or adsorbed on the nanocarrier matrices, which can be nanofibers, nanoporous carriers, or nanocontainers as nanobiocatalysts. We also highlight the challenges the nanobiocatalyst overcomes in the industrial production of some drugs like sitagliptin, montelukast, pregabalin, and atorvastatin. Also, the inactivation of an organophosphate or opioid poisoning treating agent, SSOPOX nanohybrid, is discussed in this paper. Nanozymes are intrinsic enzyme-like compounds, and they also show wide application in themselves. Their GQD/AGNP nanohybrid shows antibacterial potential; they can also be utilized in optical sensing to detect small molecules, ions, nucleic acids, proteins, and cancer cells. In this paper, various applications of these NBCs have been discussed, and their potential applications with examples are also mentioned.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141147309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the Challenges of 3D Printing Personalized Medicine in Space Explorations: A Comprehensive Review 在太空探索中驾驭 3D 打印个性化医疗的挑战：全面回顾

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024051126

PRAKASH KATAKAM, Madhavi Lakshmi Ratna Bhavaraju, Tanniru Venkata Narayana, Koushik Bhandari, Nagarajan Sriram, Vidya Sagar Sisinty, Shanta Kumari Adiki

Space exploration has undergone a paradigm shift in recent years, with a growing emphasis on long-duration missions and human habitation on other celestial bodies. Private aerospace businesses are at the forefront of advancing the next iteration of spacecraft, encompassing a wide range of applications such as deep space exploration (e.g., SpaceX) and cost-effective satellite deployments (e.g., Rocketlab). One of the critical challenges associated with prolonged space missions is the provision of personalized medical care. 3D printing technology has emerged as a potential solution, enabling the on-demand production of personalized medical devices and medications. However, the unique conditions of space pose substantial challenges to the successful implementation of 3D printing for personalized medicine. Tremendous scope for research exists in terms of resource utilization and waste management in space ecosystem, robotic and AI enabled tool utilization, remote operability, interplanetary travel, space education and training tools, digital twins, space tourism and in many other aspects of 3D printing for personalized medicine in space explorations.

近年来，太空探索的模式发生了转变，越来越强调长期飞行任务和人类在其他天体上的居住。私营航空航天企业走在推进下一代航天器的最前沿，包括深空探索（如 SpaceX）和具有成本效益的卫星部署（如 Rocketlab）等广泛应用。与长期太空任务相关的关键挑战之一是提供个性化医疗服务。三维打印技术已成为一种潜在的解决方案，可按需生产个性化医疗设备和药物。然而，独特的太空条件对成功实施个性化医疗 3D 打印技术构成了巨大挑战。在太空生态系统的资源利用和废物管理、机器人和人工智能工具的利用、远程可操作性、星际旅行、太空教育和培训工具、数字双胞胎、太空旅游以及 3D 打印用于太空探索中的个性化医疗的许多其他方面，都存在巨大的研究空间。

{"title":"Navigating the Challenges of 3D Printing Personalized Medicine in Space Explorations: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"PRAKASH KATAKAM, Madhavi Lakshmi Ratna Bhavaraju, Tanniru Venkata Narayana, Koushik Bhandari, Nagarajan Sriram, Vidya Sagar Sisinty, Shanta Kumari Adiki","doi":"10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024051126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024051126","url":null,"abstract":"Space exploration has undergone a paradigm shift in recent years, with a growing emphasis on long-duration missions and human habitation on other celestial bodies. Private aerospace businesses are at the forefront of advancing the next iteration of spacecraft, encompassing a wide range of applications such as deep space exploration (e.g., SpaceX) and cost-effective satellite deployments (e.g., Rocketlab). One of the critical challenges associated with prolonged space missions is the provision of personalized medical care. 3D printing technology has emerged as a potential solution, enabling the on-demand production of personalized medical devices and medications. However, the unique conditions of space pose substantial challenges to the successful implementation of 3D printing for personalized medicine. Tremendous scope for research exists in terms of resource utilization and waste management in space ecosystem, robotic and AI enabled tool utilization, remote operability, interplanetary travel, space education and training tools, digital twins, space tourism and in many other aspects of 3D printing for personalized medicine in space explorations.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140578703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Conventional to Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Meloxicam: A Systematic Review 美洛昔康的传统给药系统到新型给药系统：系统综述

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024048988

Manjusha Annaji, Nur Mita, Jessica Heard, Xuejia Kang, Ishwor Poudel, Sai H.S. Boddu, Amit K. Tiwari, R. Jayachandra Babu

Meloxicam, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, has demonstrated clinical effectiveness in managing inflammation and acute pain. Although available in oral formulations such as capsules, tablets, and suspension, frequent administration is necessary to maintain therapeutic efficacy, which can increase adverse effects and patient non-compliance. To address these issues, several sustained drug delivery strategies such as oral, transdermal, transmucosal, injectable, implantable drug delivery systems have been developed for meloxicam. These sustained drug delivery strategies have the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of meloxicam by reducing the frequency of dosing and associated gastrointestinal side effects. The choice of drug delivery system will depend on the desired release profile, the target site of inflammation, and the mode of administration. Overall, meloxicam sustained delivery systems offer better patient compliance, and reduce side effects, thereby improving the clinical applications of this drug. Herein, we discuss in detail the different strategies for the sustained delivery of meloxicam.

美洛昔康是一种选择性 COX-2 抑制剂，在治疗炎症和急性疼痛方面具有显著的临床疗效。虽然美洛昔康有胶囊、片剂和混悬剂等口服制剂，但必须频繁给药才能维持疗效，这可能会增加不良反应和患者的不依从性。为解决这些问题，美洛昔康已开发出多种持续给药策略，如口服、透皮、透粘膜、注射和植入式给药系统。这些持续给药策略有可能通过减少给药次数和相关的胃肠道副作用来提高美洛昔康的疗效和安全性。给药系统的选择取决于所需的释放曲线、目标炎症部位和给药方式。总之，美洛昔康持续给药系统能使患者更好地遵从医嘱，减少副作用，从而改善该药物的临床应用。在此，我们将详细讨论美洛昔康持续给药的不同策略。

{"title":"From Conventional to Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Meloxicam: A Systematic Review","authors":"Manjusha Annaji, Nur Mita, Jessica Heard, Xuejia Kang, Ishwor Poudel, Sai H.S. Boddu, Amit K. Tiwari, R. Jayachandra Babu","doi":"10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024048988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024048988","url":null,"abstract":"Meloxicam, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, has demonstrated clinical effectiveness in managing inflammation and acute pain. Although available in oral formulations such as capsules, tablets, and suspension, frequent administration is necessary to maintain therapeutic efficacy, which can increase adverse effects and patient non-compliance. To address these issues, several sustained drug delivery strategies such as oral, transdermal, transmucosal, injectable, implantable drug delivery systems have been developed for meloxicam. These sustained drug delivery strategies have the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of meloxicam by reducing the frequency of dosing and associated gastrointestinal side effects. The choice of drug delivery system will depend on the desired release profile, the target site of inflammation, and the mode of administration. Overall, meloxicam sustained delivery systems offer better patient compliance, and reduce side effects, thereby improving the clinical applications of this drug. Herein, we discuss in detail the different strategies for the sustained delivery of meloxicam.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139956067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Path of Novelty from Nanoparticles to Nanobots: Theragnostic Approach for Targeting Cancer Therapy. 从纳米粒子到纳米机器人的创新之路：癌症靶向治疗的热诊断方法。

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2023046674

Gursharanpreet Kaur, Bhawna Khanna, Mohammed Yusuf, Akanksha Sharma, Akhil Khajuria, Hema K Alajangi, Pradeep K Jaiswal, Mandip Sachdeva, Ravi Pratap Barnwal, Gurpal Singh

Pharmaceutical development of cancer therapeutics is a dynamic area of research. Even after decades of intensive work, cancer continues to be a dreadful disease with an ever-increasing global incidence. The progress of nanotechnology in cancer research has overcome inherent limitations in conventional cancer chemotherapy and fulfilled the need for target-specific drug carriers. Nanotechnology uses the altered patho-physiological microenvironment of malignant cells and offers various advantages like improved solubility, reduced toxicity, prolonged drug circulation with controlled release, circumventing multidrug resistance, and enhanced biodistribution. Early cancer detection has a crucial role in selecting the best drug regime, thus, diagnosis and therapeutics go hand in hand. Furthermore, nanobots are an amazing possibility and promising innovation with numerous significant applications, particularly in fighting cancer and cleaning out blood vessels. Nanobots are tiny robots, ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm. Moreover, the nanobots would work similarly to white blood cells, watching the bloodstream and searching for indications of distress. This review articulates the evolution of various organic and inorganic nanoparticles and nanobots used as therapeutics, along with their pros and cons. It also highlights the shift in diagnostics from conventional methods to more advanced techniques. This rapidly growing domain is providing more space for engineering desired nanoparticles that can show miraculous results in therapeutic and diagnostic trials.

癌症治疗药物的研发是一个充满活力的研究领域。即使经过几十年的深入研究，癌症仍然是一种可怕的疾病，全球发病率不断上升。纳米技术在癌症研究中的进步克服了传统癌症化疗的固有局限性，满足了对靶向药物载体的需求。纳米技术利用恶性细胞改变的病理生理微环境，具有多种优势，如提高溶解度、降低毒性、通过控制释放延长药物循环、规避多药耐药性以及增强生物分布。早期癌症检测对选择最佳药物治疗方案至关重要，因此诊断和治疗是相辅相成的。此外，纳米机器人是一种极具潜力和前景的创新技术，在抗癌和清理血管等方面有着众多重要应用。纳米机器人是一种微小的机器人，大小从 1 纳米到 100 纳米不等。此外，纳米机器人的工作原理与白细胞类似，可以观察血液流动情况并寻找危险迹象。本综述阐述了用作治疗的各种有机和无机纳米粒子和纳米机器人的演变及其利弊。它还强调了诊断方法从传统方法向更先进技术的转变。这一快速发展的领域为设计出理想的纳米粒子提供了更大的空间，使其在治疗和诊断试验中显示出神奇的效果。

{"title":"A Path of Novelty from Nanoparticles to Nanobots: Theragnostic Approach for Targeting Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Gursharanpreet Kaur, Bhawna Khanna, Mohammed Yusuf, Akanksha Sharma, Akhil Khajuria, Hema K Alajangi, Pradeep K Jaiswal, Mandip Sachdeva, Ravi Pratap Barnwal, Gurpal Singh","doi":"10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2023046674","DOIUrl":"10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2023046674","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceutical development of cancer therapeutics is a dynamic area of research. Even after decades of intensive work, cancer continues to be a dreadful disease with an ever-increasing global incidence. The progress of nanotechnology in cancer research has overcome inherent limitations in conventional cancer chemotherapy and fulfilled the need for target-specific drug carriers. Nanotechnology uses the altered patho-physiological microenvironment of malignant cells and offers various advantages like improved solubility, reduced toxicity, prolonged drug circulation with controlled release, circumventing multidrug resistance, and enhanced biodistribution. Early cancer detection has a crucial role in selecting the best drug regime, thus, diagnosis and therapeutics go hand in hand. Furthermore, nanobots are an amazing possibility and promising innovation with numerous significant applications, particularly in fighting cancer and cleaning out blood vessels. Nanobots are tiny robots, ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm. Moreover, the nanobots would work similarly to white blood cells, watching the bloodstream and searching for indications of distress. This review articulates the evolution of various organic and inorganic nanoparticles and nanobots used as therapeutics, along with their pros and cons. It also highlights the shift in diagnostics from conventional methods to more advanced techniques. This rapidly growing domain is providing more space for engineering desired nanoparticles that can show miraculous results in therapeutic and diagnostic trials.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67437822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Cosmeceutical and Skin Care: A Systematic Review. 基于纳米技术的药妆和护肤方法：系统综述。

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v41.i5.20

Shital Rani, Piyush Dey, Kritika Pruthi, Sahajdeep Singh, Shivansh Mahajan, Hema K Alajangi, Sumeet Kapoor, Ankur Pandey, Dikshi Gupta, Ravi Pratap Barnwal, Gurpal Singh

Cosmeceuticals have gained great importance and are among the top-selling products used for skin care. Because of changing lifestyles, climate, and increasing pollution, cosmeceuticals are utilized by every individual, thereby making cosmeceuticals a fruitful field for research and the economy. Cosmeceuticals provide incredibly pleasing aesthetic results by fusing the qualities of both cosmetics and medicinal substances. Cosmeceuticals are primarily utilized to improve the appearance of skin by making it smoother, moisturized, and wrinkle-free, in addition to treating dermatological conditions, including photoaging, burns, dandruff, acne, eczema, and erythema. Nanocosmeceuticals are cosmetic products that combine therapeutic effects utilizing nanotechnology, allowing for more precise and effective target-specific delivery of active ingredients, and improving bioavailability.

药妆产品已占据重要地位，是最畅销的皮肤护理产品之一。由于生活方式的改变、气候的变化和污染的加剧，每个人都在使用药妆，从而使药妆成为一个富有成果的研究和经济领域。药妆品融合了化妆品和药物的特质，具有令人难以置信的美容效果。药妆品主要用于改善皮肤外观，使其更加光滑、滋润、无皱纹，此外还用于治疗皮肤病，包括光老化、烧伤、头皮屑、痤疮、湿疹和红斑。纳米药妆是一种利用纳米技术将治疗效果结合在一起的化妆品，可以更精确、更有效地针对特定靶点输送活性成分，并提高生物利用率。

引用次数: 0

Advances in Gold nanoparticles: Synthesis, Functionalization Strategies and Theranostic Applications in Cancer 金纳米粒子的研究进展：癌症中的合成、功能化策略和治疗应用

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024046712

Mansi Damani, Mrunal Jadhav, Rashmi Joshi, Bheeshma Pratap Singh, Munira Momin, Raghumani S Ningthoujam, Tabassum Khan

Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Metallic nanoparticles, especially gold nanoparticles have emerged to be attractive systems to circumvent the associated adverse effects. By the virtue of their unique properties of tunable size, shape, composition, optical properties, biocompatibility, minimal toxicity, multivalency, fluorescence-luminescence property and surface plasmon resonance; gold nanoparticles have the potential to be used as drug delivery systems. It is vital to ensure that the drug reaches the target site of action for selective kill of cancer cells without harm to healthy cells. These nanoparticles can be easily functionalised with a wide array of ligands- peptides, oligonucleotides, polymers, carbohydrates for active targeting to ensure site specific delivery and reduced systemic effects. Gold nanoparticles have been investigated as carriers for gene delivery, drug delivery with or without photothermal therapy, in diagnosis based on radiation or spectroscopy. They have emerged as attractive theranostic approach in the overall management of cancer with superior benefit to risk features. In this review, we have discussed synthesis of different gold nanoparticles (nanorods, spherical nanoparticles, hollow gold nanoparticles), their functionalization strategies and their applications in biomedical domain. Various research studies and clinical trials on application of gold nanoparticles in diagnosis and therapeutics are highlighted.

癌症是全球死亡和发病的主要原因之一。金属纳米粒子，尤其是金纳米粒子，已成为规避相关不良影响的极具吸引力的系统。金纳米粒子具有可调尺寸、形状、成分、光学特性、生物相容性、最小毒性、多价性、荧光-发光特性和表面等离子体共振等独特特性，因此有潜力用作药物输送系统。确保药物到达作用靶点，选择性地杀死癌细胞而不伤害健康细胞至关重要。这些纳米粒子可以很容易地与各种配体（肽、寡核苷酸、聚合物、碳水化合物）进行功能化，以实现主动靶向，确保特定部位给药，减少全身效应。金纳米粒子已被研究用作基因递送、药物递送（带或不带光热疗法）、基于辐射或光谱诊断的载体。在癌症的整体治疗中，金纳米粒子已成为一种极具吸引力的治疗方法，其收益优于风险特征。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了不同金纳米粒子（纳米棒、球形纳米粒子、空心金纳米粒子）的合成、功能化策略及其在生物医学领域的应用。重点介绍了有关金纳米粒子在诊断和治疗中应用的各种研究和临床试验。

{"title":"Advances in Gold nanoparticles: Synthesis, Functionalization Strategies and Theranostic Applications in Cancer","authors":"Mansi Damani, Mrunal Jadhav, Rashmi Joshi, Bheeshma Pratap Singh, Munira Momin, Raghumani S Ningthoujam, Tabassum Khan","doi":"10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024046712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2024046712","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Metallic nanoparticles, especially gold nanoparticles have emerged to be attractive systems to circumvent the associated adverse effects. By the virtue of their unique properties of tunable size, shape, composition, optical properties, biocompatibility, minimal toxicity, multivalency, fluorescence-luminescence property and surface plasmon resonance; gold nanoparticles have the potential to be used as drug delivery systems. It is vital to ensure that the drug reaches the target site of action for selective kill of cancer cells without harm to healthy cells. These nanoparticles can be easily functionalised with a wide array of ligands- peptides, oligonucleotides, polymers, carbohydrates for active targeting to ensure site specific delivery and reduced systemic effects. Gold nanoparticles have been investigated as carriers for gene delivery, drug delivery with or without photothermal therapy, in diagnosis based on radiation or spectroscopy. They have emerged as attractive theranostic approach in the overall management of cancer with superior benefit to risk features. In this review, we have discussed synthesis of different gold nanoparticles (nanorods, spherical nanoparticles, hollow gold nanoparticles), their functionalization strategies and their applications in biomedical domain. Various research studies and clinical trials on application of gold nanoparticles in diagnosis and therapeutics are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139464838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applications of Cannabinoids in Neuropathic Pain: An Updated Review. 大麻酚类药物在神经性疼痛中的应用：最新综述。

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022038592

Peggy Arthur, Anil Kumar Kalvala, Sunil Kumar Surapaneni, Mandip Sachdeva Singh

Neuropathic pain is experienced due to injury to the nerves, underlying disease conditions or toxicity induced by chemotherapeutics. Multiple factors can contribute to neuropathic pain such as central nervous system (CNS)-related autoimmune and metabolic disorders, nerve injury, multiple sclerosis and diabetes. Hence, development of pharmacological interventions to reduce the drawbacks of existing chemotherapeutics and counter neuropathic pain is an urgent unmet clinical need. Cannabinoid treatment has been reported to be beneficial for several disease conditions including neuropathic pain. Cannabinoids act by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic nerve endings, modulating the excitation of postsynaptic neurons, activating descending inhibitory pain pathways, reducing neural inflammation and oxidative stress and also correcting autophagy defects. This review provides insights on the various preclinical and clinical therapeutic applications of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinol (CBN) in various diseases and the ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of chronic and acute pain with cannabinoids. Pharmacological and genetic experimental strategies have well demonstrated the potential neuroprotective effects of cannabinoids and also elaborated their mechanism of action for the therapy of neuropathic pain.

神经性疼痛是由于神经损伤、潜在疾病或化疗药物引起的毒性而引起的。多种因素可导致神经性疼痛，如中枢神经系统相关的自身免疫和代谢紊乱、神经损伤、多发性硬化症和糖尿病。因此，开发药物干预措施以减少现有化疗药物和对抗神经性疼痛的缺点是一个迫切需要满足的临床需求。据报道，大麻素治疗对包括神经性疼痛在内的多种疾病有益。大麻素的作用是抑制突触前神经末梢的神经递质释放，调节突触后神经元的兴奋，激活下行抑制性疼痛通路，减少神经炎症和氧化应激，并纠正自噬缺陷。这篇综述深入了解了大麻二酚（CBD）、大麻酚（CBG）和大麻素（CBN）在各种疾病中的各种临床前和临床治疗应用，以及正在进行的大麻素治疗慢性和急性疼痛的临床试验。药理学和遗传学实验策略已经很好地证明了大麻素的潜在神经保护作用，并阐述了其治疗神经性疼痛的作用机制。

{"title":"Applications of Cannabinoids in Neuropathic Pain: An Updated Review.","authors":"Peggy Arthur, Anil Kumar Kalvala, Sunil Kumar Surapaneni, Mandip Sachdeva Singh","doi":"10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022038592","DOIUrl":"10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022038592","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropathic pain is experienced due to injury to the nerves, underlying disease conditions or toxicity induced by chemotherapeutics. Multiple factors can contribute to neuropathic pain such as central nervous system (CNS)-related autoimmune and metabolic disorders, nerve injury, multiple sclerosis and diabetes. Hence, development of pharmacological interventions to reduce the drawbacks of existing chemotherapeutics and counter neuropathic pain is an urgent unmet clinical need. Cannabinoid treatment has been reported to be beneficial for several disease conditions including neuropathic pain. Cannabinoids act by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic nerve endings, modulating the excitation of postsynaptic neurons, activating descending inhibitory pain pathways, reducing neural inflammation and oxidative stress and also correcting autophagy defects. This review provides insights on the various preclinical and clinical therapeutic applications of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinol (CBN) in various diseases and the ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of chronic and acute pain with cannabinoids. Pharmacological and genetic experimental strategies have well demonstrated the potential neuroprotective effects of cannabinoids and also elaborated their mechanism of action for the therapy of neuropathic pain.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11228808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeting Amyloids with coated Nanoparticles: A review on lucrative combinations of Nanoparticles and its Bio-compatible coating 包被纳米颗粒靶向淀粉样蛋白:纳米颗粒及其生物相容性包被的研究进展

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023046209

Oshin D. Warerkar, Niyati H. Mudliar, M. Momin, Prabhat Singh

Amyloidosis is the major cause of many neurodegenerative diseases, such as, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's where the misfolding and deposition of a previously functional protein make it inept for carrying out its function. The genesis of amyloid fibril formation and the strategies to inhibit it have been studied extensively, although some parts of this puzzle still remain unfathomable to date. Many classes of molecules have been explored as potential drugs in vitro, but their inability to work in vivo by crossing the blood-brain-barrier has made them an inadequate treatment option. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) have turned out to be an exciting alternative because they could overcome many drawbacks of previously studied molecules and provide advantages, such as, greater bioavailability of molecules and target-specific delivery of drugs. In this paper, we present an overview on several coated NPs which have shown promising efficiency in inhibiting fibril formation. A hundred and thirty papers published in the past two decades have been comprehensively reviewed, which majorly encompass NPs comprising different materials like gold, silver, iron-oxide, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), polymeric NP, etc., which are coated with various molecules of predominantly natural origin, such as different types of amino acids, peptides, curcumin, drugs, catechin, etc. We hope that this review will shed light on the advancement of symbiotic amalgamation of NPs with molecules from natural sources and will inspire further research on the tremendous therapeutic potential of these combinations for many amyloid-related diseases.

{"title":"Targeting Amyloids with coated Nanoparticles: A review on lucrative combinations of Nanoparticles and its Bio-compatible coating","authors":"Oshin D. Warerkar, Niyati H. Mudliar, M. Momin, Prabhat Singh","doi":"10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023046209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023046209","url":null,"abstract":"Amyloidosis is the major cause of many neurodegenerative diseases, such as, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's where the misfolding and deposition of a previously functional protein make it inept for carrying out its function. The genesis of amyloid fibril formation and the strategies to inhibit it have been studied extensively, although some parts of this puzzle still remain unfathomable to date. Many classes of molecules have been explored as potential drugs in vitro, but their inability to work in vivo by crossing the blood-brain-barrier has made them an inadequate treatment option. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) have turned out to be an exciting alternative because they could overcome many drawbacks of previously studied molecules and provide advantages, such as, greater bioavailability of molecules and target-specific delivery of drugs. In this paper, we present an overview on several coated NPs which have shown promising efficiency in inhibiting fibril formation. A hundred and thirty papers published in the past two decades have been comprehensively reviewed, which majorly encompass NPs comprising different materials like gold, silver, iron-oxide, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), polymeric NP, etc., which are coated with various molecules of predominantly natural origin, such as different types of amino acids, peptides, curcumin, drugs, catechin, etc. We hope that this review will shed light on the advancement of symbiotic amalgamation of NPs with molecules from natural sources and will inspire further research on the tremendous therapeutic potential of these combinations for many amyloid-related diseases.","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67437785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0