Current advances of liquid biopsies in prostate cancer: Molecular biomarkers.

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Molecular Therapy Oncolytics Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI:10.1016/j.omto.2023.07.004
Murad Alahdal, Roshane A Perera, Marcio Covas Moschovas, Vipul Patel, Ranjan J Perera
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence is increasing and endangers men's lives. Early detection of PCa could improve overall survival (OS) by preventing metastasis. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is a popular screening method. Several advisory groups, however, warn against using the PSA test due to its high false positive rate, unsupported outcome, and limited benefit. The number of disease-related biopsies performed annually far outweighs the number of diagnoses. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop accurate diagnostic biomarkers to detect PCa and distinguish between aggressive and indolent cancers. Recently, non-coding RNA (ncRNA), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)/ctRNA, exosomes, and metabolomic biomarkers in the liquid biopsies (LBs) of patients with PCa showed significant differences and clinical benefits in diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring response to therapy. The analysis of urinary exosomal ncRNA presented a substantial correlation among Exos-miR-375 downregulation, clinical T stage, and bone metastases of PCa. Furthermore, the expression of miR-532-5p in urine samples was a vital predictive biomarker of PCa progression. Thus, this review focuses on promising molecular and metabolomic biomarkers in LBs from patients with PCa. We thoroughly addressed the most recent clinical findings of LB biomarker use in diagnosing and monitoring PCa in early and advanced stages.

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前列腺癌液体活检的最新进展:分子生物标志物。
前列腺癌(PCa)的发病率正在上升,危及男性的生命。早期发现前列腺癌可以通过预防转移来提高总生存率。前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测是一种常用的筛查方法。然而,一些咨询小组警告不要使用PSA测试,因为它的假阳性率高,结果不支持,而且效益有限。每年进行的与疾病相关的活组织检查的数量远远超过诊断的数量。因此,迫切需要开发准确的诊断性生物标志物来检测前列腺癌,并区分侵袭性和惰性癌症。近年来,前列腺癌患者液体活检(LBs)中的非编码RNA (ncRNA)、循环肿瘤DNA (ctDNA)/ctRNA、外泌体和代谢组学生物标志物在诊断、预后和监测治疗反应方面显示出显著差异和临床益处。尿外泌体ncRNA分析显示,Exos-miR-375下调、临床T分期和前列腺癌骨转移之间存在显著相关性。此外,尿样本中miR-532-5p的表达是前列腺癌进展的重要预测生物标志物。因此,本综述主要关注PCa患者LBs中有前景的分子和代谢组学生物标志物。我们彻底讨论了LB生物标志物在早期和晚期前列腺癌诊断和监测中的最新临床发现。
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来源期刊
Molecular Therapy Oncolytics
Molecular Therapy Oncolytics Medicine-Oncology
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
3.50%
发文量
152
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Molecular Therapy — Oncolytics is an international, online-only, open access journal focusing on the development and clinical testing of viral, cellular, and other biological therapies targeting cancer.
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