Extracellular Vesicle Heterogeneity and Its Impact for Regenerative Medicine Applications.

IF 19.3 1区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pharmacological Reviews Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-06 DOI:10.1124/pharmrev.123.000841
Simonides Immanuel van de Wakker, Fleur Michelle Meijers, Joost Petrus Gerardus Sluijter, Pieter Vader
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane-enclosed particles that are involved in physiologic and pathologic processes. EVs are increasingly being studied for therapeutic applications in the field of regenerative medicine. Therapeutic application of stem cell-derived EVs has shown great potential to stimulate tissue repair. However, the exact mechanisms through which they induce this effect have not been fully clarified. This may to a large extent be attributed to a lack of knowledge on EV heterogeneity. Recent studies suggest that EVs represent a heterogeneous population of vesicles with distinct functions. The heterogeneity of EVs can be attributed to differences in their biogenesis, and as such, they can be classified into distinct populations that can then be further subcategorized into various subpopulations. A better understanding of EV heterogeneity is crucial for elucidating their mechanisms of action in tissue regeneration. This review provides an overview of the latest insights on EV heterogeneity related to tissue repair, including the different characteristics that contribute to such heterogeneity and the functional differences among EV subtypes. It also sheds light on the challenges that hinder clinical translation of EVs. Additionally, innovative EV isolation techniques for studying EV heterogeneity are discussed. Improved knowledge of active EV subtypes would promote the development of tailored EV therapies and aid researchers in the translation of EV-based therapeutics to the clinic. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Within this review we discuss the differences in regenerative properties of extracellular vesicle (EV) subpopulations and implications of EV heterogeneity for development of EV-based therapeutics. We aim to provide new insights into which aspects are leading to heterogeneity in EV preparations and stress the importance of EV heterogeneity studies for clinical applications.

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细胞外囊泡的异质性及其对再生医学应用的影响。
细胞外小泡(EVs)是一种细胞衍生的膜包裹颗粒,参与生理和病理过程。电动汽车越来越多地被研究用于再生医学领域的治疗应用。干细胞衍生EVs的治疗应用已显示出刺激组织修复的巨大潜力。然而,它们诱导这种效应的确切机制尚未完全阐明。这可能在很大程度上归因于缺乏对电动汽车异质性的了解。最近的研究表明,EVs代表了一个具有不同功能的异质性囊泡群体。EVs的异质性可以归因于其生物发生的差异,因此,它们可以被分类为不同的种群,然后可以进一步细分为不同的亚种群。更好地了解EV的异质性对于阐明其在组织再生中的作用机制至关重要。这篇综述概述了与组织修复相关的EV异质性的最新见解,包括导致这种异质性的不同特征以及EV亚型之间的功能差异。它还揭示了阻碍EVs临床翻译的挑战。此外,还讨论了用于研究电动汽车异质性的创新电动汽车隔离技术。对活性EV亚型的了解的提高将促进量身定制的EV疗法的发展,并帮助研究人员将基于EV的疗法转化为临床。意义声明:在这篇综述中,我们讨论了细胞外囊泡(EV)亚群再生特性的差异,以及EV异质性对开发基于EV的治疗方法的影响。我们旨在为EV制剂中哪些方面导致异质性提供新的见解,并强调EV异质性研究对临床应用的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Pharmacological Reviews
Pharmacological Reviews 医学-药学
CiteScore
34.70
自引率
0.50%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: Pharmacological Reviews is a highly popular and well-received journal that has a long and rich history of success. It was first published in 1949 and is currently published bimonthly online by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. The journal is indexed or abstracted by various databases, including Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews Database, Biosciences Information Service, Current Contents/Life Sciences, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Index Medicus, Index to Scientific Reviews, Medical Documentation Service, Reference Update, Research Alerts, Science Citation Index, and SciSearch. Pharmacological Reviews offers comprehensive reviews of new pharmacological fields and is able to stay up-to-date with published content. Overall, it is highly regarded by scholars.
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