TORC2功能的调控及其在酵母中的定位。

IF 11.4 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Annual review of cell and developmental biology Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Epub Date: 2023-06-20 DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-011723-030346
Anita Emmerstorfer-Augustin, Jeremy Thorner
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引用次数: 1

摘要

每个真核细胞都含有两个不同的多亚单位蛋白激酶复合物,每个复合物都含有一个TOR(雷帕霉素靶点)蛋白作为催化亚单位。这些集合被命名为TORC1和TORC2,用作营养和压力传感器、信号积分器以及细胞生长和稳态的调节器,但它们在组成、定位和功能上有所不同。TORC1在液泡的胞浆表面(或在哺乳动物细胞中,在溶酶体的胞质表面)被激活,促进生物合成并抑制自噬。TORC2主要位于质膜(PM),维持所有PM组分(鞘脂、甘油磷脂、甾醇和完整膜蛋白)的适当水平和双层分布,这些组分是伴随细胞生长和分裂的膜扩张以及对抗PM完整性损伤所需的。这篇综述总结了我们目前对TORC2的组装、结构特征、亚细胞分布、功能和调节的理解,这些理解主要是通过对酿酒酵母的研究获得的。
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Regulation of TORC2 Function and Localization in Yeast.

Every eukaryotic cell contains two distinct multisubunit protein kinase complexes that each contain a TOR (target of rapamycin) protein as the catalytic subunit. These ensembles, designated TORC1 and TORC2, serve as nutrient and stress sensors, signal integrators, and regulators of cell growth and homeostasis, but they differ in their composition, localization, and function. TORC1, activated on the cytosolic surface of the vacuole (or, in mammalian cells, on the cytosolic surface of the lysosome), promotes biosynthesis and suppresses autophagy. TORC2, located primarily at the plasma membrane (PM), maintains the proper levels and bilayer distribution of all PM components (sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, sterols, and integral membrane proteins), which are needed for the membrane expansion that accompanies cell growth and division and for combating insults to PM integrity. This review summarizes our current understanding of the assembly, structural features, subcellular distribution, and function and regulation of TORC2, obtained largely through studies conducted with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, established in 1985, comprehensively addresses major advancements in cell and developmental biology. Encompassing the structure, function, and organization of cells, as well as the development and evolution of cells in relation to both single and multicellular organisms, the journal explores models and tools of molecular biology. As of the current volume, the journal has transitioned from gated to open access through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program, making all articles published under a CC BY license.
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