超越迷幻剂:回顾其他血清素能迷幻剂对精神障碍和药物使用障碍的治疗潜力。

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-24 DOI:10.1080/02791072.2023.2251133
Stanley Wong, An Yi Yu, Nicholas Fabiano, Ofer Finkelstein, Aryan Pasricha, Brett D M Jones, Joshua D Rosenblat, Daniel M Blumberger, Benoit H Mulsant, M Ishrat Husain
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们对使用迷幻疗法治疗几种精神和药物使用障碍的兴趣再次升温。迷幻素是一种 "经典的 "血清素能迷幻剂,已成为临床研究中的主要化合物之一。有关迷幻药对精神健康的潜在益处的研究越来越多,但有关其他血清素能迷幻药的安全性和有效性的数据仍然有限。我们对使用麦司卡林、伊博卡因、死藤水、N,N-二甲基色胺(DMT)和麦角酰二乙胺(LSD)治疗精神和药物紊乱的情况进行了一次全面的范围界定综述。独立审稿人筛选了标题、摘要和全文,并进行了数据提取。有 77 项研究符合纳入标准。其中有 43 项关于迷幻药的研究、24 项关于死藤水的研究、5 项关于 DMT 的研究、5 项关于伊博格碱的研究和 5 项关于麦司卡林的研究。普遍报道的益处包括改善情绪和焦虑症状、提高洞察力、减少药物使用、改善人际关系以及减少植物神经症状。常见的不良反应包括心理、神经、身体和肠胃方面的不良反应。已发表的关于迷幻剂的研究报告中出现了严重的不良事件(杀人和自杀)。总之,目前只有低水平的证据支持非螺环素血清素能迷幻剂对精神和药物使用失调患者的安全性和有效性。
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Beyond Psilocybin: Reviewing the Therapeutic Potential of Other Serotonergic Psychedelics in Mental and Substance Use Disorders.

There has been a resurgence of interest in the use of psychedelic therapies for several mental and substance use disorders. Psilocybin, a "classic" serotonergic psychedelic, has emerged as one of the primary compounds of interest in clinical research. While research on psilocybin's potential mental health benefits has grown, data on the safety and efficacy of other serotonergic psychedelics remain limited. A comprehensive scoping review on the use of mescaline, ibogaine, ayahuasca, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the treatment of mental and substance disorders was conducted. Independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts and conducted data extraction. Seventy-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. There were 43 studies of LSD, 24 studies of ayahuasca, 5 studies of DMT, 5 studies of ibogaine, and 5 studies of mescaline. Commonly reported benefits included improved mood and anxiety symptoms, improved insight, reduced substance use, improved relationships, and decreased vegetative symptoms. Commonly reported adverse effects were psychological, neurological, physical, and gastrointestinal in nature. Serious adverse events (homicide and suicide) were reported in published studies of LSD. In conclusion, there is only low-level evidence to support the safety and efficacy of non-psilocybin serotonergic psychedelics in individuals with mental and substance use disorders.

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CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.10%
发文量
62
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