旁观者干预计划对提高高中生潜在风险群体的旁观者行为的有效性。

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Journal of Interpersonal Violence Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-31 DOI:10.1177/08862605231194637
Annelise Mennicke, Heather M Bush, Candace J Brancato, Gabrielle Haley, Erin Meehan, Ann L Coker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

旁观者干预计划已被证实能有效增加旁观者的行为,从而预防人际暴力(IPV)。但很少有研究对高中生中潜在风险阶层的干预效果进行调查。我们利用一项为期五年的随机对照试验的数据进行了多组路径分析,以评估通过潜在特征分析(LPA)确定的风险组别所调节的接受培训类型与旁观者结果之间的关联。LPA 是根据与暴力接触、与攻击性朋友的关系和饮酒有关的六个指标来识别风险的。旁观者接受的培训是主要的自变量,其特征为:未接受培训、仅接受概述演讲或技能培训。结果包括:(a)观察到的旁观者行为;(b)被动的旁观者行为;或(c)主动的旁观者行为。通过 LPA 确定了三个风险群体:低风险、中度风险的 IPV 证人,以及最高风险的受害者和施暴者。在接受的旁观者培训中,概述演讲只增加了低风险学生的反应性旁观者行为。在所有风险群体中,技能培训能有效提高大多数旁观者的行为效果,而在风险最高的受害者和施暴者群体中,效果最大。研究结果表明,根据青少年的风险特征来定制或修改旁观者培训,可能更有可能增加旁观者行为,从而降低暴力风险。具体来说,概述演讲培训应针对低风险青少年,而技能培训则主要针对高风险青少年。这些技能培训可纳入有关创伤知情护理以及与酗酒相关的内容,这可能会进一步提高其有效性。
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Effectiveness of a Bystander Intervention Program to Increase Bystander Behaviors Across Latent Risk Groups of High Schoolers.

Bystander intervention programs have established efficacy to increase bystander behaviors to prevent interpersonal violence (IPV). Little research has investigated intervention efficacy among latent risk classes among high school students. Data from a five-year randomized control trial were used to conduct multigroup path analyses to assess the association between type of training received and bystander outcomes moderated by risk groups identified via latent profile analysis (LPA). LPA was used to identify risk based on six indicators related to violence exposure, association with aggressive friends, and alcohol use. Bystander training received was the primary independent variable characterized as: no training, overview speech alone, or skills training. Outcomes included (a) observed bystander behaviors; (b) reactive bystander behaviors; or (c) proactive bystander behaviors. Three risk groups were identified via LPA: low risk, moderate risk witnesses of IPV, and highest risk victims and perpetrators. Of the bystander trainings received, overview speeches only increased reactive bystander behaviors among low risk students. The skills training was effective at increasing most bystander outcomes among all risk groups, with the largest effect sizes observed among the highest risk victims and perpetrators profile. Findings suggest that tailoring or modifying bystander training based on the risk profiles of youth may lead to greater potential to increase bystander behaviors to reduce risk of violence. Specifically, overview speech trainings should be targeted to low risk youth, while skills training primarily delivered to higher risk youth. These skills trainings could incorporate content related to trauma-informed care as well as associations with alcohol use, which may enhance their effectiveness further.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
12.00%
发文量
375
期刊介绍: The Journal of Interpersonal Violence is devoted to the study and treatment of victims and perpetrators of interpersonal violence. It provides a forum of discussion of the concerns and activities of professionals and researchers working in domestic violence, child sexual abuse, rape and sexual assault, physical child abuse, and violent crime. With its dual focus on victims and victimizers, the journal will publish material that addresses the causes, effects, treatment, and prevention of all types of violence. JIV only publishes reports on individual studies in which the scientific method is applied to the study of some aspect of interpersonal violence. Research may use qualitative or quantitative methods. JIV does not publish reviews of research, individual case studies, or the conceptual analysis of some aspect of interpersonal violence. Outcome data for program or intervention evaluations must include a comparison or control group.
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