暗网和加密市场上桔梗(Mitragyna Speciosa)产品和销售商的初步清单。

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-13 DOI:10.1080/02791072.2023.2242361
Elisabeth Prevete, Valeria Catalani, Darshan Singh, Kim P C Kuypers, Eef L Theunissen, Honor D Townshend, Hani Banayoti, Johannes G Ramaekers, Massimo Pasquini, Ornella Corazza
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近年来,东南亚一种具有药用和精神活性的植物--桔梗(Mitragyna speciosa)的网上销售引起了人们对健康的关注,主要原因是掺假的桔梗相关产品不受控制地传播。这项探索性研究首次提供了暗网上克利托姆产品的供应情况,并通过表面网络的数据搜索进一步验证了这一点。2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 10 月期间,在 23 个暗网市场上共发现了 231 个 kratom 列表。其中,发现有 13 个卖家在 5 个市场上积极销售 40 种桔梗。所列出的物品主要被宣传为 "安全 "的医药产品替代品,用于自我管理疼痛和其他健康状况,并以各种形式提供(如干叶粉末、药丸、胶囊)。购买时使用的是加密货币,一些卖家还提供 "相当好的隐私"(Pretty Good Privacy),并从欧洲、澳大利亚、美国和英国发货。同一卖家销售的商品还包括非法药物和与欺诈相关的产品。我们的研究发现,暗网上出现了一种以前不为人知的克瑞托姆产品,主要用于自我治疗各种病症,这表明有必要开展进一步研究并立即采取干预措施,以保障克瑞托姆消费者的福祉和健康。
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A Preliminary Inventory of Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa) Products and Vendors on the Darknet and Cryptomarkets.

In recent years, the online sale of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), a Southeast Asian plant with both medicinal and psychoactive properties, has raised health concerns mainly due to the uncontrolled diffusion of adulterated kratom-related products. This exploratory study provides, for the first time, a snapshot of the availability of kratom products on the darknet which has been further validated by data searches on the surface web. A total of 231 listings of kratom across 23 darknet marketplaces were identified between March 2020 and October 2021. Among these, 40 were found actively sold across five markets by thirteen vendors. Listed items were mainly advertised as "safe" substitutes for medicinal products for the self-management of pain and other health conditions and offered in various forms (e.g., dry leaf powder, pills, capsules). Purchases were made using cryptocurrencies, with some vendors offering Pretty Good Privacy, and were shipped from Europe, Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Goods sold by the same sellers also included illicit drugs and fraud-related products. Our study discovered a previously unknown diffusion of kratom products on the darknet mainly for self-treating a variety of medical conditions, suggesting the need for further research and immediate interventions to safeguard the well-being and health of kratom consumers.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.10%
发文量
62
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