听觉皮层集合共同编码声音和运动速度,以支持运动过程中的声音感知。

IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2023-08-31 eCollection Date: 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.3002277
Carlos Arturo Vivaldo, Joonyeup Lee, MaryClaire Shorkey, Ajay Keerthy, Gideon Rothschild
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在运动过程中处理传入声音并对其采取行动的能力对生存和适应行为至关重要。尽管听觉皮层(AC)在依赖行为和上下文的声音处理中发挥着既定的作用,但先前的研究发现,与不动相比,听觉皮层的活动在运动过程中平均受到抑制。虽然听觉皮层对自身产生的声音的反应受到抑制是由必然放电引起的,这会削弱对可预测声音的反应,但在运动过程中,对不可预测的外部声音的较弱反应的功能作用尚不清楚。特别地,在运动过程中对外部声音诱发反应的抑制是否反映了AC在声音处理中的参与减少,或者它是否是由在这种状态下的替代神经计算的掩蔽引起的,仍然没有解决。在这里,我们检验了这样一种假设,即运动过程中声音诱发反应的减少不是简单的抑制,而是与运动速度的明确可靠编码的出现相权衡。为了验证这一假设,我们首先在行为小鼠中使用神经失活,发现AC在运动过程中的声音引导行为中起着关键作用。为了研究这一过程的性质,我们对清醒小鼠的局部兴奋性听觉皮层神经群体进行了双光子钙成像。我们发现,运动对不同神经元的活动有不同的影响,与之前的研究一致,对基线减去的声音诱发反应和神经刺激检测有净抑制作用。重要的是,我们发现,运动对基线减去声音诱发反应的净抑制作用是由压缩反应动态范围的持续活动增强形成的,这种持续活动并没有反映出“噪音”的增强,而是可靠地编码了动物的运动速度。解码分析表明,运动速度和声音是由听觉皮层合奏活动稳健地共同编码的。最后,我们发现在自由运动的大鼠的电生理记录活动中,声音和运动速度的联合编码模式是一致的。总之,我们的数据表明,听觉皮层系统并没有被运动抑制,而是将其与声音信息一起明确编码,以支持运动过程中的声音感知。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Auditory cortex ensembles jointly encode sound and locomotion speed to support sound perception during movement.

The ability to process and act upon incoming sounds during locomotion is critical for survival and adaptive behavior. Despite the established role that the auditory cortex (AC) plays in behavior- and context-dependent sound processing, previous studies have found that auditory cortical activity is on average suppressed during locomotion as compared to immobility. While suppression of auditory cortical responses to self-generated sounds results from corollary discharge, which weakens responses to predictable sounds, the functional role of weaker responses to unpredictable external sounds during locomotion remains unclear. In particular, whether suppression of external sound-evoked responses during locomotion reflects reduced involvement of the AC in sound processing or whether it results from masking by an alternative neural computation in this state remains unresolved. Here, we tested the hypothesis that rather than simple inhibition, reduced sound-evoked responses during locomotion reflect a tradeoff with the emergence of explicit and reliable coding of locomotion velocity. To test this hypothesis, we first used neural inactivation in behaving mice and found that the AC plays a critical role in sound-guided behavior during locomotion. To investigate the nature of this processing, we used two-photon calcium imaging of local excitatory auditory cortical neural populations in awake mice. We found that locomotion had diverse influences on activity of different neurons, with a net suppression of baseline-subtracted sound-evoked responses and neural stimulus detection, consistent with previous studies. Importantly, we found that the net inhibitory effect of locomotion on baseline-subtracted sound-evoked responses was strongly shaped by elevated ongoing activity that compressed the response dynamic range, and that rather than reflecting enhanced "noise," this ongoing activity reliably encoded the animal's locomotion speed. Decoding analyses revealed that locomotion speed and sound are robustly co-encoded by auditory cortical ensemble activity. Finally, we found consistent patterns of joint coding of sound and locomotion speed in electrophysiologically recorded activity in freely moving rats. Together, our data suggest that rather than being suppressed by locomotion, auditory cortical ensembles explicitly encode it alongside sound information to support sound perception during locomotion.

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来源期刊
PLoS Biology
PLoS Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
14.40
自引率
2.00%
发文量
359
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: PLOS Biology is an open-access, peer-reviewed general biology journal published by PLOS, a nonprofit organization of scientists and physicians dedicated to making the world's scientific and medical literature freely accessible. The journal publishes new articles online weekly, with issues compiled and published monthly. ISSN Numbers: eISSN: 1545-7885 ISSN: 1544-9173
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