为什么教义宗教首先出现在北亚热带地区?

IF 2.2 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1017/ehs.2023.13
R I M Dunbar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

新石器时代出现了两个阶段的教义宗教,包括公认的神、更正式的神学、道德规范、专门的宗教场所和职业神职人员。几乎所有这些宗教都出现在一个狭窄的纬度带(北部亚热带地区)。我认为,这些发展是由于需要促进族群结合,以应对族群规模急剧扩大而超出狩猎采集社会的典型规模时所产生的标度压力。人口增长的条件(以降雨模式和病原体负荷与生长季节长短之间的差异为指标)在这一地带得到了独特的优化,创造了一种生态释放的环境,使人口能够异常迅速地增长。当代社会中纬度、宗教和语言之间的关系表明,亚热带北部(而非南部)的特殊性特别有利于大规模宗教的发展,因为宗教是加强社区凝聚力的一种方式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Why did doctrinal religions first appear in the Northern Subtropical Zone?

Doctrinal religions that involve recognised gods, more formal theologies, moral codes, dedicated religious spaces and professional priesthoods emerged in two phases during the Neolithic. Almost all of these appeared in a narrow latitudinal band (the northern Subtropical Zone). I suggest that these developments were the result of a need to facilitate community bonding in response to scalar stresses that developed as community sizes increased dramatically beyond those typical of hunter-gatherer societies. Conditions for population growth (as indexed by rainfall patterns and the difference between pathogen load and the length of the growing season) were uniquely optimised in this zone, creating an environment of ecological release in which populations could grow unusually rapidly. The relationship between latitude, religion and language in contemporary societies suggests that the peculiar characteristics of the northern (but not the southern) Subtropical Zone were especially favourable for the evolution of large scale religions as a way of enforcing community cohesion.

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来源期刊
Evolutionary Human Sciences
Evolutionary Human Sciences Social Sciences-Cultural Studies
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
11.50%
发文量
49
审稿时长
10 weeks
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