加剧脆弱性:过去疾病的流行病和社会决定因素

IF 1.3 3区 地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY International Journal of Paleopathology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.09.002
Megan A. Perry , Rebecca L. Gowland
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引用次数: 4

摘要

目的探讨以往疾病研究的循证方法的理论和应用。Syndemic原则与生物考古学中的其他理论发展一起进行了检查。提供了两个案例研究来说明这种方法的有效性:18世纪和19世纪英国的结核病和维生素D缺乏症,以及中世纪早期英国的疟疾和寄生虫感染。材料:当前疾病的公共卫生研究,以及与选定案例研究有关的已发表的生物考古、临床和社会信息。方法对这两个历史病例的数据进行综合分析,得出关于过去疾病聚类和异质性的更深层次的结论。结果综合运用现代疾病的临床研究和相关的古病理、考古和历史资料,可以将综合征框架应用到过去的情境中。结论该方法为深入了解古代疾病提供了一种方法,并与现有的生物考古学理论工具很好地结合在一起。重要意义:该方法为学者提供了一个深入的时间视角来研究仍然影响现代人的疾病。局限性对于一个真正的综合方法来说,许多重要的变量不能从当前的考古学、生物考古学或历史方法中获得。进一步研究建议对过去和现在的特定疾病群进行更详细和深入的分析,对健康的社会决定因素进行全面分析。
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Compounding vulnerabilities: Syndemics and the social determinants of disease in the past

Objective

This article explores the theory and utility of a syndemic approach for the study of disease in the past. Syndemic principles are examined alongside other theoretical developments within bioarchaeology. Two case studies are provided to illustrate the efficacy of this approach: Tuberculosis and vitamin D deficiency in 18th and 19th century England, and malaria and helminth infections in Early Medieval England.

Materials

Public health studies of present syndemics, in addition to published bioarchaeological, clinical and social information relating to the chosen case studies.

Methods

The data from these two historical examples are revisited within a syndemic framework to draw deeper conclusions about disease clustering and heterogeneity in the past.

Results

A syndemic framework can be applied to past contexts using clinical studies of diseases in a modern context and relevant paleopathological, archaeological, and historical data.

Conclusions

This approach provides a means for providing a deeper, contextualised understanding ancient diseases, and integrates well with extant theoretical tools in bioarchaeology

Significance

Syndemics provides scholars a deep-time perspective on diseases that still impact modern populations.

Limitations

Many of the variables essential for a truly syndemic approach cannot be obtained from current archaeological, bioarchaeological, or historical methods.

Suggestions for further research

More detailed and in-depth analysis of specific disease clusters within the past and the present, which draws on a comprehensive analysis of the social determinants of health.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
25.00%
发文量
43
期刊介绍: Paleopathology is the study and application of methods and techniques for investigating diseases and related conditions from skeletal and soft tissue remains. The International Journal of Paleopathology (IJPP) will publish original and significant articles on human and animal (including hominids) disease, based upon the study of physical remains, including osseous, dental, and preserved soft tissues at a range of methodological levels, from direct observation to molecular, chemical, histological and radiographic analysis. Discussion of ways in which these methods can be applied to the reconstruction of health, disease and life histories in the past is central to the discipline, so the journal would also encourage papers covering interpretive and theoretical issues, and those that place the study of disease at the centre of a bioarchaeological or biocultural approach. Papers dealing with historical evidence relating to disease in the past (rather than history of medicine) will also be published. The journal will also accept significant studies that applied previously developed techniques to new materials, setting the research in the context of current debates on past human and animal health.
期刊最新文献
Histology of pulmonary tuberculosis in a 19th-century mummy from Comiso (Sicily, Italy) Expanding the diagnostic scope of paleopathology: Identification of Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) using a One Paleopathology approach Rickets, resorption and revolution: An investigation into the relationship between vitamin D deficiency in childhood and osteoporosis in adulthood in an 18th-19th century population Characteristics of dental malocclusion in a 18th/19th century population from Radom (Poland) A severe case of bilateral humerus varus deformity from the Middle Bronze age necropolis of Olmo di Nogara, Northeast Italy. The contribution of biomechanical analysis to paleopathological study
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