性别对空间能力、数学焦虑与数学成绩关系的影响

IF 3.4 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Trends in Neuroscience and Education Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.tine.2022.100196

Yehudit Danan, Sarit Ashkenazi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

大量研究发现女性的数学焦虑更强，并表明女性的空间能力(或空间能力属性)比男性差，这是数学焦虑的性别差异的根源。目的探讨数学焦虑、空间能力、数学成绩和性别差异之间的复杂关系，研究空间能力、工作记忆能力、数学焦虑和自我效能感对数学成绩的影响。89名以色列大学生(男44名，女45名)参与了这项研究。研究结果显示，在几个领域存在性别差异:女性的数学焦虑程度高于男性，男性在数轴表现和空间技能方面表现优于女性。空间能力、数学成绩和数学焦虑之间的关系在男性中强于女性。相比之下，女性的数学自我效能感和成绩之间的关系比男性更强。这一发现显示了两性之间的根本差异，即使在基于课程的评估中表现相似。

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The influence of sex on the relations among spatial ability, math anxiety and math performance

Background

A large body of research has found stronger math anxiety in females and suggests that inferior spatial abilities (or attributes towards spatial abilities) in females compared to males are the origin of sex differences in math anxiety.

Purpose

To fully explore the complex relationship among math anxiety, spatial abilities, math performance and sex differences, the current study examined spatial skills, working memory skills, math anxiety, and self-efficacy as predictors of math performance.

Basic procedures

Participating in the study were 89 undergraduate Israeli students (44 males and 45 females).

Main findings

The result showed sex differences in a few domains: math anxiety was higher in females compared to males, males outperformed females in number line performance and spatial skills. The relationships among spatial abilities, math performance, and math anxiety were stronger in males than in females. By contrast, the relationship between math self-efficacy and performance was stronger in females compared to males.