Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2026.100279
Marta Cerezo García , Anna Carballo-Márquez , Paul B. Perrin , Bryan R. Christ , Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa , Cristian Y. Logatt Grabner , Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla , Esperanza Vergara-Moragues
Background
Neuroscientific advances applied to education are often susceptible to misinterpretation by teaching professionals. However, the accuracy of neuromyths can change as neuroscientific research advances. The goals of this study were to identify teachers’ beliefs about brain functioning, as well as to examine predictors of scientifically unsupported beliefs and to examine the degree of alignment between teachers’ responses and experts’ perspectives.
Method
After a review of the literature, the 58-item Neurobeliefs in Education Questionnaire (NEQ) was created and administered to nine neuroeducation experts and 1,139 teachers from Argentina and other Latin American countries (86.1% women).
Results
Teachers demonstrated high variability in their beliefs about brain functioning, with only 16% of items showing strong agreement among them and 43% showing strong disagreement. In contrast, neuroeducation experts showed greater internal consensus, especially on items supported by strong scientific evidence. When comparing the two groups, 60% of items revealed disagreement, with over a third showing large discrepancies driven by higher teacher endorsement of well-established neuromyths. A regression revealed that preschool teachers and those who had received neuroscience instruction as part of their academic degrees were more likely to endorse neuromyths, while university-level educators and those with neuroscience training outside their degree programs were significantly less likely to do so.
Conclusion
The results support that continuous training in neuroscience and psychology may be a protective factor against endorsement of neuromyths among teachers in Latin America.
{"title":"Neuroscience beliefs in education among teachers in Argentina and other Latin American countries: predictors and comparisons to experts’ perspectives","authors":"Marta Cerezo García , Anna Carballo-Márquez , Paul B. Perrin , Bryan R. Christ , Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa , Cristian Y. Logatt Grabner , Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla , Esperanza Vergara-Moragues","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neuroscientific advances applied to education are often susceptible to misinterpretation by teaching professionals. However, the accuracy of neuromyths can change as neuroscientific research advances. The goals of this study were to identify teachers’ beliefs about brain functioning, as well as to examine predictors of scientifically unsupported beliefs and to examine the degree of alignment between teachers’ responses and experts’ perspectives.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>After a review of the literature, the 58-item Neurobeliefs in Education Questionnaire (NEQ) was created and administered to nine neuroeducation experts and 1,139 teachers from Argentina and other Latin American countries (86.1% women).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Teachers demonstrated high variability in their beliefs about brain functioning, with only 16% of items showing strong agreement among them and 43% showing strong disagreement. In contrast, neuroeducation experts showed greater internal consensus, especially on items supported by strong scientific evidence. When comparing the two groups, 60% of items revealed disagreement, with over a third showing large discrepancies driven by higher teacher endorsement of well-established neuromyths. A regression revealed that preschool teachers and those who had received neuroscience instruction as part of their academic degrees were more likely to endorse neuromyths, while university-level educators and those with neuroscience training outside their degree programs were significantly less likely to do so.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results support that continuous training in neuroscience and psychology may be a protective factor against endorsement of neuromyths among teachers in Latin America.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2026.100277
Margot Rémeau , Grégoire Borst
Socioeconomic disparities in academic achievement intensify during secondary school, yet the mechanisms driving these inequalities remain debated. This study examined whether transversal factors—executive functions, reasoning ability, metacognition and socio-emotional skills—and the related construct of subjective well-being mediate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and academic performance. Data were drawn from two large, nationally representative cohorts of French students in Grade 6 (N = 1684) and Grade 8 (N = 1667). Multigroup structural equation modeling revealed that SES predicted academic performance, with gaps widening from Grade 6 to 8. Executive functions consistently emerged as the strongest mediator, accounting for 22% of the total SES–achievement association in Grade 6 and 17% in Grade 8. Reasoning ability also mediated this effect in Grade 6 but not in Grade 8. Metacognition, socio-emotional skills and subjective well-being did not mediate the relation between SES and academic achievement when controlling for all other mediators. Our results indicate that educational inequalities observed in middle school are partly associated with differences in students’ executive functions linked to family SES.
{"title":"Among well-being, cognitive, metacognitive and socio-emotional skills, executive functions best explain SES–achievement inequalities","authors":"Margot Rémeau , Grégoire Borst","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Socioeconomic disparities in academic achievement intensify during secondary school, yet the mechanisms driving these inequalities remain debated. This study examined whether transversal factors—executive functions, reasoning ability, metacognition and socio-emotional skills—and the related construct of subjective well-being mediate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and academic performance. Data were drawn from two large, nationally representative cohorts of French students in Grade 6 (<em>N</em> = 1684) and Grade 8 (<em>N</em> = 1667). Multigroup structural equation modeling revealed that SES predicted academic performance, with gaps widening from Grade 6 to 8. Executive functions consistently emerged as the strongest mediator, accounting for 22% of the total SES–achievement association in Grade 6 and 17% in Grade 8. Reasoning ability also mediated this effect in Grade 6 but not in Grade 8. Metacognition, socio-emotional skills and subjective well-being did not mediate the relation between SES and academic achievement when controlling for all other mediators. Our results indicate that educational inequalities observed in middle school are partly associated with differences in students’ executive functions linked to family SES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2026.100276
Markus Wolfgang Hermann Spitzer
The scientific system currently faces several challenges, such as paper mills, citation manipulation, and discussions about reforming the peer review process. In this opinion paper, I argue that an additional, largely overlooked problem is emerging: a sharp increase in annual manuscript submissions that exceeds editors’ and reviewers’ capacity to evaluate scientific work with sufficient care. Based on personal observations and conversations conducted in 2025, I describe a substantial rise in submissions to individual journals, despite the rapid emergence of new journals. I outline several factors that have accelerated the pace of behavioral science research, including advances in the automation of behavioral science, the growing availability of large real-world datasets, and the widespread adoption of large language models for writing manuscripts. I argue that the current submission crisis is driven primarily by the latter, resulting in a growing number of polished-looking submissions that provide little empirical evidence and place increasing strain on editors and reviewers. I discuss the implications of rising submission volumes for editors, reviewers, and early-career researchers and distinguish between a present submission crisis characterized by superficial contributions and a potential future crisis driven by actually accelerated scientific progress due to the automation of behavioral science. I hope that this opinion paper will spark discussions and research on this topic, eventually providing new solutions, such as the adoption of artificial intelligence tools to support workflows for editors and reviewers.
{"title":"The emerging submission crisis in behavioral science","authors":"Markus Wolfgang Hermann Spitzer","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scientific system currently faces several challenges, such as paper mills, citation manipulation, and discussions about reforming the peer review process. In this opinion paper, I argue that an additional, largely overlooked problem is emerging: a sharp increase in annual manuscript submissions that exceeds editors’ and reviewers’ capacity to evaluate scientific work with sufficient care. Based on personal observations and conversations conducted in 2025, I describe a substantial rise in submissions to individual journals, despite the rapid emergence of new journals. I outline several factors that have accelerated the pace of behavioral science research, including advances in the automation of behavioral science, the growing availability of large real-world datasets, and the widespread adoption of large language models for writing manuscripts. I argue that the current submission crisis is driven primarily by the latter, resulting in a growing number of polished-looking submissions that provide little empirical evidence and place increasing strain on editors and reviewers. I discuss the implications of rising submission volumes for editors, reviewers, and early-career researchers and distinguish between a present submission crisis characterized by superficial contributions and a potential future crisis driven by actually accelerated scientific progress due to the automation of behavioral science. I hope that this opinion paper will spark discussions and research on this topic, eventually providing new solutions, such as the adoption of artificial intelligence tools to support workflows for editors and reviewers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-24DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2026.100281
Michela Balconi , Katia Rovelli , Giulia Magni , Luana Amadini Genovese , Maurizio Mauri , Elena Sajno , Maria Sansoni , Stefano De Gaspari , Silvia Serino , Daniele Di Lernia , Laura Angioletti , Allegretta Roberta A. , Giuseppe Riva
Background and aims
Interpersonal synchronization is a key component of effective teaching and learning, but little is known about how it differs between face-to-face and remote settings. This study investigates interpersonal synchronization in face-to-face (FTF) versus remote learning (RL) environments through electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) hyperscanning.
Methods
Eight groups of 3 students and 1 lecturer (N = 32) engaged in both conditions, consisting of a baseline, a 20-minute lecture, and a 20-minute interactive task. Neural synchronization was assessed using inter-individual Euclidean Distance (EuDist) across five EEG frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma). Cardiac synchronization was assessed via intersubject correlation of heart rate (ISCHR). Learning outcomes and perception were measured through a series of self-report measures and validated questionnaires.
Results
Results revealed a modest but significant effect of learning condition across all EEG bands, with significantly lower EuDist values in the FTF condition compared to RL, indicating higher inter-individual neural alignment when participants were physically co-present. Additionally, task-specific effects emerged in delta, theta, beta, and gamma bands, with interactive tasks generally associated with lower dissimilarity. Furthermore, ISCHR was significantly higher in the FTF condition compared to the RL condition, while no significant task-specific differences emerged. Self-report measures further indicated higher perceived interpersonal closeness and lesson satisfaction in the FTF condition, while learning outcomes remained stable across modalities.
Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that physical co-presence enhances both cortical and autonomic synchronization during instruction, particularly under dialogic conditions, and underscore the role of embodied interaction in promoting shared cognitive and affective engagement in educational contexts.
{"title":"Interpersonal synchronization in face-to-face vs. remote education: An EEG and ECG hyperscanning study","authors":"Michela Balconi , Katia Rovelli , Giulia Magni , Luana Amadini Genovese , Maurizio Mauri , Elena Sajno , Maria Sansoni , Stefano De Gaspari , Silvia Serino , Daniele Di Lernia , Laura Angioletti , Allegretta Roberta A. , Giuseppe Riva","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Interpersonal synchronization is a key component of effective teaching and learning, but little is known about how it differs between face-to-face and remote settings. This study investigates interpersonal synchronization in face-to-face (FTF) versus remote learning (RL) environments through electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) hyperscanning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eight groups of 3 students and 1 lecturer (<em>N</em> = 32) engaged in both conditions, consisting of a baseline, a 20-minute lecture, and a 20-minute interactive task. Neural synchronization was assessed using inter-individual Euclidean Distance (EuDist) across five EEG frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma). Cardiac synchronization was assessed via intersubject correlation of heart rate (ISC<img>HR). Learning outcomes and perception were measured through a series of self-report measures and validated questionnaires.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results revealed a modest but significant effect of learning condition across all EEG bands, with significantly lower EuDist values in the FTF condition compared to RL, indicating higher inter-individual neural alignment when participants were physically co-present. Additionally, task-specific effects emerged in delta, theta, beta, and gamma bands, with interactive tasks generally associated with lower dissimilarity. Furthermore, ISC<img>HR was significantly higher in the FTF condition compared to the RL condition, while no significant task-specific differences emerged. Self-report measures further indicated higher perceived interpersonal closeness and lesson satisfaction in the FTF condition, while learning outcomes remained stable across modalities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings demonstrate that physical co-presence enhances both cortical and autonomic synchronization during instruction, particularly under dialogic conditions, and underscore the role of embodied interaction in promoting shared cognitive and affective engagement in educational contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2026.100278
Menşure Alkış Küçükaydın
Background
This study is the first to examine the prevalence of neuromyth beliefs among parents of primary school students in Turkey, the sources of these beliefs, their relationship with educational level, and their predictive effect on attitudes toward neuroscience and purchase intentions.
Method
A total of 311 Turkish parents with children in primary school participated in the study. The prevalence of parents' neuromyth beliefs, their sources (e.g., TV news, social media), attitudes toward neuroscience, and purchase intentions for brain development products were measured using scales. Frequency analyses, simple linear regression analysis, and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data.
Results
The analyses revealed that neuromyth beliefs are prevalent among Turkish parents and that TV news and social media are the main sources of these beliefs. Statistical analyses showed that neuromyth belief levels decreased significantly as parents' education level increased. Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that belief in neuromyths significantly predicted attitudes toward neuroscience.
Conclusion
This study shows that parents' belief in neuromyths is widespread in the Turkish context and is disseminated particularly through popular media channels. The fact that belief in neuromyths positively predicts attitudes toward neuroscience indicates that parents are interested in neuroscientific topics, albeit with misconceptions. These results suggest that science-based awareness campaigns targeting parents should consider differences in media use and educational levels.
{"title":"The prevalence of neuromyths among Turkish parents: sources, purchase intentions, and effects on educational strategies","authors":"Menşure Alkış Küçükaydın","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study is the first to examine the prevalence of neuromyth beliefs among parents of primary school students in Turkey, the sources of these beliefs, their relationship with educational level, and their predictive effect on attitudes toward neuroscience and purchase intentions.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 311 Turkish parents with children in primary school participated in the study. The prevalence of parents' neuromyth beliefs, their sources (e.g., TV news, social media), attitudes toward neuroscience, and purchase intentions for brain development products were measured using scales. Frequency analyses, simple linear regression analysis, and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analyses revealed that neuromyth beliefs are prevalent among Turkish parents and that TV news and social media are the main sources of these beliefs. Statistical analyses showed that neuromyth belief levels decreased significantly as parents' education level increased. Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that belief in neuromyths significantly predicted attitudes toward neuroscience.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study shows that parents' belief in neuromyths is widespread in the Turkish context and is disseminated particularly through popular media channels. The fact that belief in neuromyths positively predicts attitudes toward neuroscience indicates that parents are interested in neuroscientific topics, albeit with misconceptions. These results suggest that science-based awareness campaigns targeting parents should consider differences in media use and educational levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2026.100280
Michael I. Posner
Causal studies show that brain networks of self-control can be changed by various forms of learning and stimulation. One mechanism of these changes is improved connectivity in the brain networks related to control. Evidence suggests that authoritarian contriol is largely supported by people with regidity of thought, but whether rigidity is caused by authoritarianism is not known. In this paper we hypothesize that authoritarianism can reduce the opportunity for conflict resolution that is an important mechanism for improved connectivity in control networks. Evidence suggests that reduced connectivity results in impairment in cognitive and emotional control resulting in likely reduction in IQ, less ability to control emotions and to resolve conflict between competing thoughts and actions. To test our hypothesis of a causal link to authoritarianism one could provide evidence preferable before and after authoritarian governments are implemented that there is a predicted loss of of abilty to control conflict, educational attainment or IQ by the relevant population. Tests of education attainment or IQ would also have alternative reasons such as changes in the educational system or reduced income. This paper proved evidence of a possible mechanism by which the brain could change under authoritarian rule and a hypothesis that requires further tests that authoritarian leaders can cause a loss of self-control in brains of both developing individuals and adults living in their countries.
{"title":"Authoritarian leaders and self-control by their population","authors":"Michael I. Posner","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2026.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Causal studies show that brain networks of self-control can be changed by various forms of learning and stimulation. One mechanism of these changes is improved connectivity in the brain networks related to control. Evidence suggests that authoritarian contriol is largely supported by people with regidity of thought, but whether rigidity is caused by authoritarianism is not known. In this paper we hypothesize that authoritarianism can reduce the opportunity for conflict resolution that is an important mechanism for improved connectivity in control networks. Evidence suggests that reduced connectivity results in impairment in cognitive and emotional control resulting in likely reduction in IQ, less ability to control emotions and to resolve conflict between competing thoughts and actions. To test our hypothesis of a causal link to authoritarianism one could provide evidence preferable before and after authoritarian governments are implemented that there is a predicted loss of of abilty to control conflict, educational attainment or IQ by the relevant population. Tests of education attainment or IQ would also have alternative reasons such as changes in the educational system or reduced income. This paper proved evidence of a possible mechanism by which the brain could change under authoritarian rule and a hypothesis that requires further tests that authoritarian leaders can cause a loss of self-control in brains of both developing individuals and adults living in their countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2025.100274
Geng Li , Yang Liu , Chenzhen Liu , Huazhi Li , Wenhua Tang , Antao Chen
Background
Physical exercise enhances cognition, likely through neuroplasticity. Whether exercise induces domain-specific brain changes according to cognitive task demands remains unclear.
Method
An Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of 34 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies was conducted, categorizing studies by task type.
Results
Physical exercise increased precuneus activation, supporting a domain-general effect. Subgroup analyses revealed task-specific changes: executive tasks showed increased cingulate activation and decreased superior temporal and cerebellar activation, while low-control tasks showed increased precuneus, cuneus, and precentral activation with decreased fusiform and parahippocampal activation.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis demonstrates that physical exercise enhances task-related brain activation in domain-general hub regions such as the precuneus, while also exerting task-dependent effects in regions associated with motor and executive control. These findings suggest that physical exercise promotes both general and task-specific neural adaptations that may underlie its cognitive benefits.
{"title":"Task-dependent neural effects of physical exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies","authors":"Geng Li , Yang Liu , Chenzhen Liu , Huazhi Li , Wenhua Tang , Antao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Physical exercise enhances cognition, likely through neuroplasticity. Whether exercise induces domain-specific brain changes according to cognitive task demands remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>An Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of 34 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies was conducted, categorizing studies by task type.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Physical exercise increased precuneus activation, supporting a domain-general effect. Subgroup analyses revealed task-specific changes: executive tasks showed increased cingulate activation and decreased superior temporal and cerebellar activation, while low-control tasks showed increased precuneus, cuneus, and precentral activation with decreased fusiform and parahippocampal activation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This meta-analysis demonstrates that physical exercise enhances task-related brain activation in domain-general hub regions such as the precuneus, while also exerting task-dependent effects in regions associated with motor and executive control. These findings suggest that physical exercise promotes both general and task-specific neural adaptations that may underlie its cognitive benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2025.100272
Sara González-Yubero , Raquel Palomera , Marta Mauri , Carolina Falcón
Introduction
The lack of motivation among university students has become a key challenge in the current European Higher Education Area, reflected in high dropout rates and low academic performance. The aim of this study is to analyze the direct and indirect relationships between emotional intelligence, resilient coping, and academic motivation in university students. These three variables are relevant as they facilitate adaptation to academic and social challenges, enhancing students' performance and overall well-being.
Method
Questionnaires assessing EI, resilient coping, and academic motivation were administered to 693 education students with an average age of 19.65 years (SD = 2.8). Descriptive analyses, Pearson correlation analyses, and mediation models using structural equations were performed.
Results
The results suggest that resilient coping is a partial mediator in the relationship between EI and academic motivation, indicating that students with higher emotional skills tend to employ more effective coping strategies, which reinforces their intrinsic motivation toward learning. On the other hand, resilient coping was a partial mediator in the relationship between emotional repair and academic amotivation.
Conclusions
From a neuroscience perspective, emotional intelligence involves key processes such as self-regulation, attention, and executive control, which are fundamental for learning and academic performance. In this context, the findings of this study highlight the importance of integrating emotional intelligence development into curriculum design, not only to enhance well-being but also to promote resilient coping and strengthen academic motivation.
{"title":"The role of resilient coping as a mediator between trait emotional intelligence and academic motivation in university students","authors":"Sara González-Yubero , Raquel Palomera , Marta Mauri , Carolina Falcón","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The lack of motivation among university students has become a key challenge in the current European Higher Education Area, reflected in high dropout rates and low academic performance. The aim of this study is to analyze the direct and indirect relationships between emotional intelligence, resilient coping, and academic motivation in university students. These three variables are relevant as they facilitate adaptation to academic and social challenges, enhancing students' performance and overall well-being.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Questionnaires assessing EI, resilient coping, and academic motivation were administered to 693 education students with an average age of 19.65 years (SD = 2.8). Descriptive analyses, Pearson correlation analyses, and mediation models using structural equations were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results suggest that resilient coping is a partial mediator in the relationship between EI and academic motivation, indicating that students with higher emotional skills tend to employ more effective coping strategies, which reinforces their intrinsic motivation toward learning. On the other hand, resilient coping was a partial mediator in the relationship between emotional repair and academic amotivation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>From a neuroscience perspective, emotional intelligence involves key processes such as self-regulation, attention, and executive control, which are fundamental for learning and academic performance. In this context, the findings of this study highlight the importance of integrating emotional intelligence development into curriculum design, not only to enhance well-being but also to promote resilient coping and strengthen academic motivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2025.100273
Jimmy Zambrano R․ , Johanna Chaguay , José Mayorga , Paul A. Kirschner , Walter Parra , Angélica Lazo
Background
Neuromyths, misconceptions about the brain and learning, persist among educators worldwide and may negatively influence teaching practices. In Latin America, and specifically in Ecuador, empirical evidence on their prevalence among in-service teachers remains scarce.
Objective
This study examined the prevalence of neuromyths and instructional misconceptions among Ecuadorian in-service teachers and how these beliefs relate to their general brain knowledge.
Methods
A survey was administered to 2193 in-service teachers from Ecuador. It included 17 items on general brain knowledge, 12 neuromyths, and 10 myths about learning and instruction. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to identify demographic factors and other predictors of myth endorsement.
Results
On average, participants answered 59.60% of brain knowledge items correctly. However, they endorsed 61.94% of neuromyths and 60.69% of instructional myths. The most prevalent neuromyths included beliefs in multiple intelligences, enriched environments for preschool brain development, perceptual-motor coordination exercises, and left-/right-brain dominance. Instructional misconceptions such as discovery learning, digital natives, the learning pyramid, motivation-driven learning, and learning styles were also highly endorsed. Interestingly, greater brain knowledge predicted more belief in neuromyths, but less belief in instructional myths.
Conclusions
Despite widespread interest in neuroscience and its perceived relevance for teaching, a large proportion of Ecuadorian in-service teachers continue to endorse misconceptions. These findings reveal significant shortcomings in-service teacher education and underscore the need for explicitly structured professional development that incorporates core instructional theories, educational neuroscience, and targeted strategies to identify and refute common educational misconceptions.
{"title":"Prevalence of educational myths among Ecuadorian teachers","authors":"Jimmy Zambrano R․ , Johanna Chaguay , José Mayorga , Paul A. Kirschner , Walter Parra , Angélica Lazo","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neuromyths, misconceptions about the brain and learning, persist among educators worldwide and may negatively influence teaching practices. In Latin America, and specifically in Ecuador, empirical evidence on their prevalence among in-service teachers remains scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the prevalence of neuromyths and instructional misconceptions among Ecuadorian in-service teachers and how these beliefs relate to their general brain knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A survey was administered to 2193 in-service teachers from Ecuador. It included 17 items on general brain knowledge, 12 neuromyths, and 10 myths about learning and instruction. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to identify demographic factors and other predictors of myth endorsement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>On average, participants answered 59.60% of brain knowledge items correctly. However, they endorsed 61.94% of neuromyths and 60.69% of instructional myths. The most prevalent neuromyths included beliefs in multiple intelligences, enriched environments for preschool brain development, perceptual-motor coordination exercises, and left-/right-brain dominance. Instructional misconceptions such as discovery learning, digital natives, the learning pyramid, motivation-driven learning, and learning styles were also highly endorsed. Interestingly, greater brain knowledge predicted more belief in neuromyths, but less belief in instructional myths.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite widespread interest in neuroscience and its perceived relevance for teaching, a large proportion of Ecuadorian in-service teachers continue to endorse misconceptions. These findings reveal significant shortcomings in-service teacher education and underscore the need for explicitly structured professional development that incorporates core instructional theories, educational neuroscience, and targeted strategies to identify and refute common educational misconceptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145326829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores approaches to enriching storybook reading experiences to facilitate mathematics learning in children.
Method
A scoping review of existing literature was conducted to identify approaches for enhancing mathematics storybooks.
Results
Two primary approaches were identified: hands-on physical experiences, such as gestures, enactment, and manipulatives; and technology-driven interventions, such as augmented reality and wearables. Hands-on experiences can promote numerical understanding through multisensory interactions. Technology-driven approaches may alleviate mathematics anxiety and increase motivation. Both approaches can foster numeracy by increasing engagement with the learning content.
Conclusion
Integrating enriched activities into mathematics storybook reading has the potential to support numeracy development.
{"title":"Beyond the page: Enriching storybooks with embodied activities to improve mathematics skills – A scoping review","authors":"Venera Gashaj , Dragan Trninic , Ouhao Chen , Korbinian Moeller","doi":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tine.2025.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This article explores approaches to enriching storybook reading experiences to facilitate mathematics learning in children.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A scoping review of existing literature was conducted to identify approaches for enhancing mathematics storybooks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two primary approaches were identified: hands-on physical experiences, such as gestures, enactment, and manipulatives; and technology-driven interventions, such as augmented reality and wearables. Hands-on experiences can promote numerical understanding through multisensory interactions. Technology-driven approaches may alleviate mathematics anxiety and increase motivation. Both approaches can foster numeracy by increasing engagement with the learning content.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Integrating enriched activities into mathematics storybook reading has the potential to support numeracy development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46228,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}