等待浪潮,但错过潮流:气候相关(非)流动性和健康的案例研究

IF 3.9 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Journal of Migration and Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100147
Celia McMichael , Patricia Nayna Schwerdtle , Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson
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引用次数: 2

摘要

气候变化放大了健康风险,包括与气候有关的流离失所对健康的影响。然而,在变暖的世界中,多样化的流动性反应也可以为适应气候变化提供途径。这篇文章探讨了气候和环境变化、人类流动性和健康之间的联系。它介绍了三个国家的案例研究:斐济、孟加拉国和布基纳法索。所有案例研究都使用定性方法,包括半结构化访谈、讲故事和小组讨论。斐济案例研究的重点是重新安置一个遭受侵蚀、洪水和盐水入侵的沿海村庄;它突出了重新安置后自我报告的健康风险和机会。孟加拉国的案例研究包括七个不同经历洪水、旋风和河岸侵蚀的地点;虽然居民将移徙和(非)流动作为应对策略,但存在相关的健康风险,特别是对那些感到被困在新居住地的人而言。来自布基纳法索一个村庄的案例研究考察了在干旱和农业生产力下降期间向科特迪瓦和马里的季节性劳动力迁移,并讨论了移徙男性和留在原籍社区的女性的健康风险。这些案例研究表明,没有一个一致的数字代表“气候移民”、“气候难民”或“被困”的人。因此,我们认为,在地球健康看起来强调气候流离失所的“浪潮”的地方,它可能错过了缓慢发生的气候变化和较小规模和多样化形式的(非)流动性的“浪潮”。然而,即使在与气候有关的流动具有广泛适应性的地方——例如,为生计多样化提供机会,或移徙远离环境风险——也可能存在健康风险和机会,这些风险和机会受到社会政治背景、获得医疗保健的机会、食物来源的改变以及生活和工作条件的影响。在日益变暖的世界中,需要有响应性的解决办法来保护和促进流动人口和不流动人口的健康。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Waiting for the wave, but missing the tide: Case studies of climate-related (im)mobility and health

Climate change amplifies health risks, including through the health impacts of climate-related displacement. Yet diverse mobility responses in a warming world can also provide a pathway for climate change adaptation. This article examines the connections between climatic and environmental change, human mobility and health. It presents case studies across three countries: Fiji, Bangladesh, and Burkina Faso. All case studies used qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews, storytelling, and group discussions. The Fiji case study focuses on relocation of a coastal village exposed to erosion, flooding and saltwater intrusion; it highlights self-reported health risks and opportunities following relocation. The Bangladesh case study includes seven sites that variously experience flooding, cyclones and riverbank erosion; while residents use migration and (im)mobility as a coping strategy, there are associated health risks, particularly for those who feel trapped in new sites of residence. The case study from a village in Burkina Faso examines seasonal labour migration to the Ivory Coast and Mali during times of drought and reduced agricultural productivity, and discusses health risks for men who migrate and for women who remain in sending communities. These case studies illustrate that there is no consistent figure that represents a 'climate migrant', ‘climate refugee’, or ‘trapped’ person. Accordingly, we argue that where planetary health looks to highlight ‘waves’ of climate displacement, it may miss the ‘tide’ of slower onset climatic changes and smaller-scale and diverse forms of (im)mobility. However, even where climate-related mobility is broadly adaptive - e.g. providing opportunities for livelihood diversification, or migration away from environmental risks - there can be health risks and opportunities that are shaped by socio-political contexts, access to healthcare, altered food sources, and living and working conditions. Responsive solutions are required to protect and promote the health of mobile and immobile populations in a warming world.

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来源期刊
Journal of Migration and Health
Journal of Migration and Health Social Sciences-Sociology and Political Science
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
8.70%
发文量
65
审稿时长
153 days
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