肥胖与心血管疾病的关系及药物治疗进展:肥胖的下一步是什么?

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION International Journal of Rehabilitation Research Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.1097/MRR.0000000000000565
Manthar Ali Mallah, Tahmina Soomro, Sobia Noreen, Mukhtiar Ali, Akriti Kafle, Nafeesa Khatoon, Muhammad Naveed
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引用次数: 1

摘要

肥胖最近已成为最严重的健康问题之一。肥胖是心力衰竭的一个关键的自主危险因素,并有助于心血管疾病(CVD)的危险因素,如高血压、2型糖尿病和代谢异常。肥胖是由代谢不平衡引起的,当燃烧的卡路里少于摄入的卡路里时就会发生这种情况。肥胖对心血管系统的不利影响有几种途径。炎症细胞浸润在脂肪组织、胰腺和其他类似于肥胖进展的部位。炎症是由免疫细胞侵入功能失调的脂肪组织引发的。与肥胖相关的动脉粥样硬化炎症期可诱发冠状动脉钙化。肥胖与瘦素水平升高和高血压有关。瘦素通过影响一氧化氮的合成和激活交感神经系统引起全身血管收缩、钠潴留和血压升高。肥胖是心血管疾病的一个众所周知的危险因素,也是导致成人和儿童血脂异常、高血压、抑郁症、代谢综合征、心房颤动和心力衰竭等疾病风险增加的主要原因之一。当与饮食改善一起使用时,抗肥胖药物可提高临床健康体重减轻(5%)的可能性。本综述旨在探讨肥胖对心脏结构和功能的影响、危险因素、肥胖悖论的影响、控制肥胖的药物治疗策略以及推荐的运动和饮食。
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Association of obesity and cardiovascular disease and progress in pharmacotherapy: what is next for obesity?

Obesity has recently emerged as one of the most severe health concerns. Obesity is a key autonomous risk factor for heart failure and contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic abnormalities. Obesity is caused by a metabolic imbalance, which occurs when calories burnt are fewer than the number of calories consumed. There are several pathways accountable for the adverse impacts of obesity on the cardiovascular system. Inflammatory cell infiltration develops in the adipose tissue, the pancreas, and other issues similar to the progression of obesity. Inflammation is triggered by immune cells that invade dysfunctional adipose tissue. The atherosclerotic inflammation phase, related to obesity, induces coronary calcification. Obesity is linked to elevated levels of leptin and high blood pressure. Leptin causes systemic vasoconstriction, sodium retention, and increased blood pressure by influencing the synthesis of nitric oxide and activating the sympathetic nervous system. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for CVD and is one of the leading causes of the greater risk of diseases, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, depression, metabolic syndrome, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure in adults and children. When used with dietary improvements, antiobesity drugs improve the probability of experiencing clinically healthy (5%) weight loss. This review aimed to address the consequences of obesity on cardiac structure and function, risk factors, the impact of the obesity paradox, pharmacological treatment strategies for managing and recommended exercise and diet.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
88
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research is a quarterly, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary forum for the publication of research into functioning, disability and contextual factors experienced by persons of all ages in both developed and developing societies. The wealth of information offered makes the journal a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and administrators in such fields as rehabilitation medicine, outcome measurement nursing, social and vocational rehabilitation/case management, return to work, special education, social policy, social work and social welfare, sociology, psychology, psychiatry assistive technology and environmental factors/disability. Areas of interest include functioning and disablement throughout the life cycle; rehabilitation programmes for persons with physical, sensory, mental and developmental disabilities; measurement of functioning and disability; special education and vocational rehabilitation; equipment access and transportation; information technology; independent living; consumer, legal, economic and sociopolitical aspects of functioning, disability and contextual factors.
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