草食动物通过改变亚北极湿地凋落物的质量和数量影响生物地球化学过程

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Biogeochemistry Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI:10.1007/s10533-023-01098-9
Taylor Saunders, Jaron Adkins, Karen H. Beard, Trisha B. Atwood, Bonnie G. Waring
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引用次数: 0

摘要

改变土壤凋落物的质量和数量的全球变化驱动因素影响温室气体通量,从而构成对气候变化的反馈。育空-库斯科维姆河三角洲(Y-K)是一个亚北极湿地系统,其碳循环受到草食动物(候鸟)产生的凋落物质量和数量的景观变化的影响,这些变化创造了矮小、富氮植被的“放牧草坪”。为了确定凋落物输入的这些变化影响土壤碳平衡的机制,我们在一个全因子微观实验中独立操纵了代表Y-K三角洲水平的凋落物的质量和数量。我们每周测量这些微观世界的二氧化碳通量。为了帮助我们确定凋落物输入如何影响温室气体通量,我们对土壤真菌和细菌群落进行了测序,并测量了土壤微生物生物量碳、溶解碳、无机氮和酶活性。研究发现,由于凋落物化学计量的差异和分解者群落结构(尤其是土壤真菌)的变化,凋落物输入量与CO2通量之间存在正相关关系。当以草食动物粪便的形式添加凋落物时,以及在诱导氮限制的凋落物输入处理中(即衰老凋落物),这些群落变化尤为明显。该系统碳循环对凋落物质量和数量的敏感性表明,食草动物可以通过影响植物生长和组织化学来强烈影响温室气体通量。图形抽象
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Herbivores influence biogeochemical processes by altering litter quality and quantity in a subarctic wetland

Global change drivers that modify the quality and quantity of litter inputs to soil affect greenhouse gas fluxes, and thereby constitute a feedback to climate change. Carbon cycling in the Yukon–Kuskokwim (Y–K) River Delta, a subarctic wetland system, is influenced by landscape variations in litter quality and quantity generated by herbivores (migratory birds) that create ‘grazing lawns’ of short stature, nitrogen-rich vegetation. To identify the mechanisms by which these changes in litter inputs affect soil carbon balance, we independently manipulated qualities and quantities of litter representative of levels found in the Y–K Delta in a fully factorial microcosm experiment. We measured CO2 fluxes from these microcosms weekly. To help us identify how litter inputs influenced greenhouse gas fluxes, we sequenced soil fungal and bacterial communities, and measured soil microbial biomass carbon, dissolved carbon, inorganic nitrogen, and enzyme activity. We found that positive correlations between litter input quantity and CO2 flux were dependent upon litter type, due to differences in litter stoichiometry and changes to the structure of decomposer communities, especially the soil fungi. These community shifts were particularly pronounced when litter was added in the form of herbivore feces, and in litter input treatments that induced nitrogen limitation (i.e., senesced litter). The sensitivity of carbon cycling to litter quality and quantity in this system demonstrates that herbivores can strongly impact greenhouse gas fluxes through their influence on plant growth and tissue chemistry.

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来源期刊
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
112
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: Biogeochemistry publishes original and synthetic papers dealing with biotic controls on the chemistry of the environment, or with the geochemical control of the structure and function of ecosystems. Cycles are considered, either of individual elements or of specific classes of natural or anthropogenic compounds in ecosystems. Particular emphasis is given to coupled interactions of element cycles. The journal spans from the molecular to global scales to elucidate the mechanisms driving patterns in biogeochemical cycles through space and time. Studies on both natural and artificial ecosystems are published when they contribute to a general understanding of biogeochemistry.
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