Ensuring Seamless Connectivity in Internet of Things: The Role of Low Power Lossy Networks

The field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has witnessed a game changing development in the name of Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT paradigm attempts to connect everyday 'things' to the Internet. In order to realize various IoT applications like smart health, smart cities, and transportation; seamless connectivity among the IoT devices needs to be ensured. Routing in Low power Lossy Networks (LLNs) essentially contributes to providing the required connectivity. This paper throws light on the state-of-the-art research in LLN routing. Considering the current societal needs, various categories of routing protocols, such as proactive, on-demand, opportunistic, and cognitive routing protocols, have been reviewed and compared. Finally the paper lists major challenges, along with possible solutions, that need to be addressed immediately to realize various socially relevant IoT applications in its real sense.