小麦基因型的农艺性能及氮素用量的利用

Iago Jardim Santos, I. Carvalho, Leonardo Cesar Pradebon, Murilo Vieira Loro, E. D. Port, Guilherme Mallmann, Dassaiévis Gonzatto Maciel, Pedro Felipe Lopes, Gabriel Carioli
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摘要

本研究旨在评价小麦品种的农艺性能,并对氮素用量进行评价。在巴西南里奥格兰德州Entre-Ijuís市的研究结果中心Agronômicos das Missões (CEPRAM)进行了两项实验。试验1采用随机区组试验设计,在4个重复中评估22种小麦基因型。试验II采用随机区组试验设计,按7个氮剂量x 2个小麦基因型进行因子安排。施氮量分别为0、25、50、75、100、125、150 kg hm -1,选用ORS Senna和TBIO Audaz 2个小麦品种,共4个重复。在每个试验单元随机抽取10株植物,对其形态和生产指标进行评价。对两个实验进行方差分析和Tukey均值比较检验。试验一:利用主成分分析和遗传差异分析,TBIO Noble品种表现出最大限度提高小麦农艺性能的生产和形态特征。小麦各基因型在生产性状和形态性状上存在遗传差异。44 kg N hm -1和48 kg N hm -1处理可显著提高苜蓿的穗长和分蘖数。
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Agronomic performance of wheat genotypes and the use of nitrogen doses
This work aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of wheat cultivars and to evaluate the use of nitrogen doses. Two experiments took place at Centro de Pesquisas e Resultados Agronômicos das Missões (CEPRAM), in the municipality of Entre-Ijuís, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Experiment I took place in a randomized block experimental design, evaluating 22 wheat genotypes in four replications. Experiment II took place in a randomized block experimental design, organized in a factorial arrangement of 7 nitrogen doses x 2 wheat genotypes. The doses of nitrogen were 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 kg ha-1 and two wheat cultivars ORS Senna and TBIO Audaz, with 4 replications. In 10 plants, randomly collected, in each experimental unit were evaluated the morphological and productive variables. Performing Analysis of variance and Tukey's mean comparison test in both experiments. Applying principal component analysis and genetic dissimilarity in experiment I. The cultivar TBIO Noble showed productive and morphological characteristics that maximize the agronomic performance of wheat. There is genetic divergence between wheat genotypes for productive and morphological traits. Cultivar ORS Senna enhanced ear length and number of tillers at doses of 44 kg of N ha-1 and 48 kg of N ha-1, respectively.
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