劳动力市场在国内经济数字化中的区域性特征

T. Petrenko, I. Egorova, E. Kornienko, T. Balina, Tatyana A. Maksimenko
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摘要

经济的数字化似乎是其当前发展中最重要的因素,但在区域背景下,这一进程的实施并不均衡,这影响了市场互动的各个方面,包括劳动力市场。它影响着市场形势,决定着国家各个地区的生活水平。在这种情况下,就业中心的作用增加了,职能扩大了,主要反映了在现有专业化、生产合作领域、生产力的结构和发展水平的基础上,特定地区劳动力市场的需求和供给结构正在发生质的变化,同时考虑到俄罗斯经济的持续多结构。对劳工市场进行区域监测的目的是评估某一特定领土劳工市场的现有特点,并查明趋势,以便预测发展方向,确定最有希望的培训和再培训领域。对教育界代表监测结果的科学理解和交流使我们能够在雇主、国家、雇员和专门教育机构之间形成互利合作的潜力,重点是培训相关劳动力。在塔甘罗格进行的劳动力市场监测记录了该市劳动经济的变化,从其结果中获得的资料可用于调整职业教育机构、该市行政部门和就业中心以及感兴趣的雇主之间的互动方案。研究结果表明,中国对高学历工人的需求呈稳定增长趋势。由于塔甘罗格是一个普通的俄罗斯城市,研究结果可以外推到其他地区,并用于制定政府监管和支持区域劳动力市场的机制。
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Regional features of the labor market in the digitalization of the domestic economy
The economy's digitalization seems to be the most significant factor in its current development, but the process is unevenly implemented in the regional context, which affects all aspects of market interaction, including the labor market. It affects the market situation, determining the standard of living characteristics in individual territories of the country. Under these conditions, the role of employment centers increases, their functions are expanding and are associated primarily with a reflection of the ongoing qualitative changes in the structure of demand and supply in the labor market of a specific territory based on the existing specialization, areas of production co-operation, structure and level of development of productive forces, taking into account the continuing multi-structured Russian economy. Regional monitoring of the labor market is aimed at assessing the existing features of the labor market of a specific territory, as well as identifying trends that allow forecasting the development vector and determining the most promising areas of training and retraining. Scientific understanding of the results of monitoring by representatives of the educational community and communicating its results allows us to form the potential for mutually beneficial cooperation between employers, the state, employees and specialized educational institutions focused on training the relevant workforce. Labor market monitoring conducted in Taganrog records the changes in the labor economy of the city, and the materials obtained from its results can be used to adjust interaction programs between vocational education institutions, the Administration and the Employment Center of the city, as well as interested employers. The research findings demonstrate the presence of stable tendencies to increase the demand for workers with higher education. As Taganrog is an average Russian city, the findings can be extrapolated to other regions and used in the process of developing mechanisms for government regulation and support for regional labor markets.
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