Effects of Availability and Access to Safe Drinking Water on Students’ Academic Performance in Secondary Schools in Muhoroni Sub-County, Kenya

Access to improved sanitation is an important component of human health and wellbeing. Minimum requirements for safe WASH in schools are not provided in most rural schools in Kenya. The current paper investigated the effects of availability and access to safe drinking water on students’ academic performance in secondary school in Muhoroni Sub-County, Kenya. Descriptive research design and mixed methodology was used. The target population was 2354 form three students and 23 teachers. Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination formula was used to obtain a sample size of 331 respondents. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Validity was determined by consulting research supervisors while reliability was determined through the use of Cronbach Alpha. Quantitative data were analysed by SPSS (version 25) and the findings presented using frequencies and percentages while qualitative data were thematically classified and arranged before they were reported in narrations and quotations. The study found that 65.4% of the learners reported that they were using safe drinking water in their schools. In addition, 63.3% of the study participants reported that their schools had reliable, sufficient and clean water supply. The study concluded that availability of safe drinking water at schools reduces the likelihood of water-related illnesses, such as diarrhea or other waterborne diseases. In addition, availability to sanitation facilities influence students’ academic performance among secondary school students. This study will give the current WASH scenario of schools in the study area that can help concerned authorities abide by WASH guidelines to improve the school’s WASH situation.