基于evt的时序分析可能存在的风险:多核平台上的实验研究

J. Vasconcelos, George Lima
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引用次数: 0

摘要

配备多核、高速缓存和分支预测的硬件架构通常排除了用于确定实时任务执行时间界限的经典方法的应用。由于这些边界是实时系统设计的基础,因此采用了基于测量的概率时序分析(MBPTA)。一种常见的选择是通过使用极值理论(EVT)来推导概率最坏情况执行时间(pWCET), EVT是统计学的一个分支,用于对随机变量的最大值进行建模。然而,pWCET估计通常是在受控或模拟环境下进行的。在本文中,考虑到操作系统和并发活动可能造成的干扰,我们将MBPTA应用于一个真正的多核平台,即树莓派3B。所发现的结果表明,尽管EVT是一种鲁棒技术,但它并不总是产生足够的模型和连贯的pWCET估计。由于MBPTA主要是在经典方法不适用的情况下使用的,正如所研究的平台的情况一样,因此本文报告的结果突出了在应用MBPTA进行pWCET估计时可能存在的风险。
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Possible risks with EVT-based timing analysis: an experimental study on a multi-core platform
Hardware architectures equipped with multiple cores, cache memory and branch prediction usually preclude the application of classical methods for determining execution time bounds for real-time tasks. As such bounds are fundamental in the designing of real-time system, Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis (MBPTA) has been employed. A common choice is towards the derivation of probabilistic Worst-Case Execution Time (pWCET) via the use of Extreme Value Theory (EVT), a branch of statistics for modeling the maximum of a random variable. However, pWCET estimations are usually reported taking a controlled or simulated environment. In this paper we rather apply MBPTA in a real multi-core platform, namely Raspberry Pi 3B, taking into consideration possible interference due to operating system and concurrent activities. The found results indicate that although EVT is a robust technique, it does not always produce adequate models and coherent pWCET estimations. As MBPTA is primarily called for when classical methods are not applicable, as it is the case for the studied platform, the results reported in this paper highlight possible risks in when applying MBPTA for pWCET estimations.
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