Will Changes in the Common Agricultural Policy Bring a Respectful Approach to Environment in EU Countries?

Abstract Under the 2014–2020 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), the existence of two pillars is maintained and the link between them is strengthened. Regulation (EU) No. 1307/2013 provides a new system of direct payments. The system consisting of the decoupling of agricultural aid from production (partial decoupling) and the provision of general income support, which came into force in 2003, is being transformed into a system in which single farm payments are replaced by a seven-component system of multi-purpose payments: basic payment per hectare, greening component, additional payment to young farmers, redistributive payment, additional income support in areas with natural handicaps, coupled support, voluntary simplified scheme for small farmers. There are three measures related to greening payments: crop diversification: the farmer must grow at least two different crops; preservation of existing permanent grasslands; the creation of an area of ecological interest corresponding to at least 5% of the arable land of a holding over 15 hectares (excluding permanent grassland and perennial crops). The new CAP aims to increase agriculture‘s contribution to the EU‘s environmental and climate objectives, provide more focused support for smaller farmers and allow Member States greater flexibility to adapt measures to local conditions.