落实国际金融政策原则在乌克兰税收立法转型中的作用

Dmytro Oleksienko
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摘要

文章在乌克兰税收立法转型的背景下,分析了国际财政政策原则实施的特殊性。在税收政策现代化的背景下,世界上一些国家财政政策的重点是明确的。在实施外国经验的背景下,财政政策的基本原则是支持商业活动,全面援助生产发展,提供人口就业,调动适当数量的财政资源并将其用于提供社会保障,建立合理利用自然资源的财政机制。现代税收政策形成的主要决定因素是经济多元化的过程、吸引未考虑的税源、提供适当的税收管理水平、减轻企业税负以提高经济发展水平等。分析了乌克兰2023年税收立法的主要创新点和前景。有理由认为,在税收领域的国际合作,特别是访问IBFD(国际财政文件局)信息平台,以及乌克兰参与欧盟财政计划,是在实施国际金融政策原则的背景下准备改变乌克兰税收立法的积极步骤,以确保其与欧盟建议/标准保持一致。在转型变革的背景下,制定具有适当适应性的财政政策措施,并考虑到发展到一定阶段需要解决的任务(提高税制效率、为经济发展创造适当条件、改善营商环境、增加投资吸引力等)是很重要的。乌克兰的金融政策应着眼于宏观经济发展、发展普惠金融和确保金融稳定、发展金融市场、数字化转型和创新发展,同时考虑到欧洲一体化和世界进程背景下的现代要求。
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IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL POLICY PRINCIPLES IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF UKRAINIAN TAX LEGISLATION
The article analyzes the peculiarities of implementation of international principles of financial policy in the context of transformation of Ukrainian tax legislation. Some priorities of financial policy of some countries of the world in the context of modernization of tax policy have been defined. The basic principles of financial policy in the context of implementation of foreign experience are support of business activity, all-round assistance of production development, provision of employment of the population, mobilization of appropriate volumes of financial resources and their use for providing social guarantees, introduction of financial mechanism, which would provide rational use of natural resources. The main determinant of the formation of modern tax policy is the process of economic diversification, attraction of unconsidered sources of taxation, provision of proper level of tax administration, reduction of tax burden for business in order to increase the level of economic development, etc. The main innovations and prospects of the tax legislation of Ukraine for 2023 are analyzed. It is justified that international cooperation in the tax sphere, in particular access to the information platform IBFD (International Bureau of Fiscal Documentation), and participation of Ukraine in the EU Fiscalis program, is a positive step in the preparation of changes to the tax legislation of Ukraine in the context of implementation of international financial policy principles to ensure its harmonization with EU recommendations/standards. In the context of transformational changes, it is important to develop financial policy measures with appropriate level of adaptability and taking into account the tasks that need to be solved at a certain stage of development (increase of tax system efficiency, creation of appropriate conditions for economic development, improvement of business climate, increase of investment attractiveness, etc.). Ukraine’s financial policy should be directed to macroeconomic development, development of financial inclusion and ensuring financial stability, development of financial market, digital transformation and innovation development taking into account modern requirements in the context of European integration and world processes.
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