Upshot of Coffee Consumption on Blood Pressure in Frequent and Non-frequent Drinkers among Healthy Population in Rural and Urban Area of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah

The upshot of blood pressure relies on the quantity and frequency of caffeine intake and on the rate of caffeine metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effect of coffee consumption on blood pressure among frequent and non-frequent drinkers in rural and urban area of Kota Kinabalu. A total of 168 participants (Mean age = 26.52 ± 6.33 years; female = 50%; weight = 61.35 ± 12.52 kg; height = 163.37±7.70 cm; diploma holder = 45.2%) were recruited. Questionnaires consisting of socio-demography (5 items), caffeine intake frequency (2 items) and knowledge on coffee, blood pressure and effect to human health (10 items) were distributed. Blood pressure (BP) was taken before coffee consumption and after 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th minutes. SPSS version 24 were employed for statistical analysis. Frequent drinkers displayed significantly higher BP on the 90th (p=0.015) and 120th (p<0.001) respectively after intervention compared to non-frequent drinkers. Significant upshot of BP was detected among frequent drinkers between 0th and 30th minutes (p<0.001), 30th and 60th minute (p<0.001), 60th and 90th minute (p=0.002), 90th and 120th minute (p<0.001). Subsequently, only urban participants reported significant increase in BP between 0th and 30th minute (p<0.001), 30th and 60th minute (p<0.001), 60th and 90th minute (p<0.001), 90th and 120th minute (p<0.001). Both rural and urban population possessed moderate knowledge (5.85 ± 1.91 vs 5.71 ± 1.73). This research ratifies that frequent caffeine intake elevated higher BP. This finding provided elementary evidence supporting that coffee intake is not advisable by hypertension patients